ATI RN
Quizlet Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 23 year old pregnant woman has UTI and presents to the ER with fever, * frequency and urgency. Which of the following antibiotics can cause potential harm to her fetus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to potential risk of hemolytic anemia in the fetus. It can also cross the placenta and reach the fetal bloodstream. Amoxicillin (B) and Cephalexin (D) are safe for use in pregnancy. Gentamycin (C) is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity but is not specifically harmful to the fetus.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is the most appropriate choice of treating * aspergillosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B, Amphotericin B, is the most appropriate choice for treating aspergillosis due to its broad-spectrum antifungal activity, especially against Aspergillus species. It is often used for severe or systemic infections when other options are ineffective. Terbinafine (A) is more commonly used for dermatophyte infections, while Flucytosine (C) is typically used for certain yeast infections. Itraconazole (D) may be effective against some Aspergillus strains but is generally considered less effective than Amphotericin B for severe cases.
Question 3 of 5
Corticosteroids are absolutely contraindicated in which of the following types * of tuberculosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Meningeal tuberculosis. Corticosteroids are contraindicated in meningeal tuberculosis because they can suppress the immune response, leading to increased bacterial growth and dissemination in the central nervous system. For miliary, intestinal, and renal tuberculosis, corticosteroids can be beneficial in reducing inflammation and improving outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A 25 year old patient is diagnosed with genital herpes simplex virus infection. * Which of the following drug would be most appropriate to prescribe in treating this patient's illness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Valacyclovir. Valacyclovir is an antiviral medication commonly used to treat herpes simplex virus infections. It is a prodrug of acyclovir, which inhibits viral DNA replication. Zanamivir (A) is used to treat influenza viruses, not herpes. Lamivudine (B) is used for HIV and hepatitis B, not herpes. Cidofovir (D) is used for cytomegalovirus and other viral infections, but not the first line for herpes. Valacyclovir is the most appropriate choice due to its effectiveness and safety profile in treating herpes simplex virus infections.
Question 5 of 5
This drug is a pyrophosphate analog which inhibit DNA polymerase and * reverse transcriptase, is used only to treat associated cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foscarnet. Foscarnet is a pyrophosphate analog that inhibits both DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase, making it effective against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in AIDS patients. Acyclovir (A) and Valacyclovir (B) are antiviral drugs used for herpes infections, not CMV. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral used for influenza, not CMV. Therefore, Foscarnet is the correct choice for treating CMV in AIDS patients.