A 23 year old construction worker is brought to the ED after falling more than 9 meters from scaffolding. He is complaining bitterly of lower abdominal and lower limb pain, and has obvious deformity of both lower legs with bilateral open tibial fractures. Which one of the following statements concerning this patient is true?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because X-ray of the chest and pelvis are important adjuncts in assessing trauma patients to rule out life-threatening injuries like pneumothorax, hemothorax, pelvic fractures, etc. This patient's mechanism of injury suggests the possibility of pelvic injury (Choice A is incorrect). While blood loss from the lower limbs could contribute to hypotension, other causes like internal bleeding should also be considered (Choice B is incorrect). Spinal cord injury is less likely to be the cause of hypotension in this case compared to hemorrhage or other traumatic injuries (Choice C is incorrect). In summary, obtaining X-rays of the chest and pelvis is crucial in the initial assessment of trauma patients to identify potentially life-threatening injuries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because consulting the procedure manual allows the nursing assistant to review the correct steps in a reliable source. This approach ensures accuracy and adheres to professional standards. Choosing option B risks patient safety and violates protocol. Option C may provide inaccurate or unreliable information. Option D is inappropriate as residents are not trained to provide procedural guidance. Therefore, option A is the best response for ensuring correct and safe procedure execution.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because smiling at a new resident is a form of non-verbal communication that conveys warmth, friendliness, and openness. It helps establish a positive rapport and comfort between the nursing assistant and the resident. Non-verbal communication plays a crucial role in creating a supportive environment in healthcare settings. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Writing a note in a resident's chart involves verbal communication. B: Giving an oral report to a supervisor involves verbal communication. D: Speaking in an encouraging tone of voice involves verbal communication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an incident refers to any unexpected event that causes harm or has the potential to cause harm. In this case, Ms. Martin falling in the bathroom represents an unexpected event that could potentially lead to injury. Choice A is incorrect because Mrs. Storey eating half of her dinner is a normal daily activity and not an unexpected event causing harm. Choice B is incorrect because Mrs. Desmond's family expressing gratitude to a nursing assistant is a positive interaction and not an incident. Choice C is incorrect because Mr. Noble wanting to go for a walk after his bath is a personal preference and not an unexpected event causing harm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates a holistic approach by considering the physical (giving a bath), emotional (asking about her day), and social (listening carefully) aspects of care. This approach shows a focus on the whole person, not just the task. Choice B is incorrect as rushing through meals without communication neglects the emotional and social needs of the residents. Choice C is incorrect as sharing religious views may not align with the residents' beliefs and could infringe on their autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as spending excessive time chatting may compromise completing necessary tasks, which is not ideal for effective care provision.