ATI RN
Theoretical Basis for Behavior Modification Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 23-year-old client is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After recovering from the initial shock of the diagnosis, the client expresses a desire to learn as much as possible about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When teaching the client about the immune system, the nurse states that adaptive immunity is provided by which type of white blood cell?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lymphocyte. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in adaptive immunity by recognizing and remembering specific pathogens. They include B cells, which produce antibodies, and T cells, which directly attack infected cells. Neutrophils (A), basophils (B), and monocytes (C) are all important in the immune response but primarily function in innate immunity, not adaptive immunity. Neutrophils are phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens, basophils release inflammatory chemicals, and monocytes differentiate into macrophages that also phagocytize pathogens.
Question 2 of 5
Matilda, with hyperthyroidism is to receive Lugol's iodine solution before a subtotal thyroidectomy is performed. The nurse is aware that this medication is given to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Lugol's iodine solution is given to decrease the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland. Step 2: By reducing the size and blood supply to the thyroid gland, surgery becomes safer and easier. Step 3: A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Lugol's iodine solution does not decrease the total basal metabolic rate. B: It does not maintain the function of the parathyroid glands. C: It does not block the formation of thyroxine; instead, it reduces the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Sherry is teaching male client regarding his permanent artificial pacemaker. Which information given by the nurse shows her knowledge deficit about the artificial cardiac pacemaker?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because engaging in contact sports is not recommended for individuals with a permanent artificial pacemaker, as it can increase the risk of damage to the device or harm to the individual. Taking the pulse rate daily, using electrical appliances, and having regular follow-up care are all appropriate and necessary for managing a permanent artificial pacemaker. It is important for the nurse to provide accurate information to ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Question 4 of 5
During a routine checkup, Nurse Mariane assesses a male client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for signs and symptoms of cancer. What is the most common AIDS-related cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This is the most common AIDS-related cancer, caused by human herpesvirus 8. It presents as reddish-purple skin lesions and can also involve internal organs. It is more prevalent in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with AIDS. Squamous cell carcinoma (A) is a type of skin cancer not directly linked to AIDS. Multiple myeloma (B) is a cancer of plasma cells, not commonly associated with AIDS. Leukemia (C) is a cancer of blood cells and is not the most common cancer seen in AIDS patients.
Question 5 of 5
Nurse Kate is aware that one of the following classes of medication protect the ischemic myocardium by blocking catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Beta-adrenergic blockers. These medications protect the ischemic myocardium by blocking catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation, reducing the workload of the heart and oxygen demand. Beta blockers slow heart rate, decrease blood pressure, and improve coronary blood flow. Calcium channel blockers (B) primarily work by relaxing blood vessels and reducing the heart's workload. Narcotics (C) are pain-relieving medications and do not directly protect the ischemic myocardium. Nitrates (D) dilate blood vessels to improve blood flow but do not specifically block catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation.