A 22-yr-old patient reports her concern about not having a menstrual period for the past 7 months. Which statement by the patient indicates a possible related factor to the amenorrhea?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Running 7 to 8 miles daily can lead to amenorrhea due to excessive exercise-induced stress on the body, affecting hormone levels and menstrual cycle. This is known as exercise-induced amenorrhea. Choices A, C, and D do not directly correlate with amenorrhea. Choice A indicates a healthy calcium intake. Choice C suggests the presence of an IUD, which is not typically associated with amenorrhea. Choice D indicates a history of STI, which may not directly cause amenorrhea.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because crossing-over occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, not between sister chromatids. This genetic exchange results in genetic variation. Fragmentation is followed by regeneration in some organisms, asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring, and ovoviviparous embryos do get nourishment from the egg yolk.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because progesterone's main function in the menstrual cycle is to maintain the endometrium lining. Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation, and it helps prepare the endometrium for implantation of a fertilized egg. This hormone ensures that the endometrium is thick and ready to support a potential pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect because progesterone is not responsible for stimulating the development of the corpus luteum; instead, it is produced by the corpus luteum itself. Choice B is incorrect because progesterone does not stimulate the development of the follicle. The follicle is primarily influenced by estrogen during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Choice D is incorrect because ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), not progesterone. LH surge causes the release of the egg from the follicle.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why D is correct: 1. Testosterone is a key hormone for muscle growth. 2. It stimulates protein synthesis in muscles. 3. This leads to an increase in skeletal muscle size and mass. 4. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Summary: A: Testosterone does not directly boost basal metabolic rate. B: Testosterone can influence behavior, but this is not the primary function discussed in the question. C: Testosterone does not directly increase bone density.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Douching can alter the cervical cells and affect the accuracy of the Pap smear results. The rationale is that douching can wash away or change the cervical cells, leading to potential misinterpretation of the test results. Choices A and B are incorrect because the timing of the test and sexual activity can indeed affect the results. Choice C is incorrect as Pap smear results need to be sent to a lab for interpretation by a healthcare provider, not done immediately in the office.