ATI RN
Genitourinary System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 22-year-old woman with a history of chronic pelvic pain is being examined. The nurse suspects endometriosis. Which of the following is the most common symptom of endometriosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pelvic pain that worsens during menstruation. This is because endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to inflammation and pain in the pelvic region. The pain typically worsens during menstruation due to the shedding of this tissue, causing irritation and further inflammation. A: Pain during menstruation is a common symptom, but what distinguishes endometriosis is the worsening of pain during menstruation. C: Pain during ovulation is not a typical symptom of endometriosis. While some individuals may experience pain during ovulation, it is not the most common symptom. D: Heavy bleeding during menstruation can occur in endometriosis, but it is not the most common symptom. Pelvic pain that worsens during menstruation is the hallmark symptom of endometriosis.
Question 2 of 5
What is the upper expanded region of the ureter called?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Renal pelvis. The upper expanded region of the ureter is called the renal pelvis, which is where the major calyces converge to collect urine before it travels down the ureter. The other choices are incorrect: B) Renal papilla is the tip of the renal pyramid where urine is collected before entering the minor calyx, C) Renal pyramids are the conical structures in the renal medulla that contain the nephrons, and D) Renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney where the nephrons are located.
Question 3 of 5
Branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys are called _________.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Renal arteries. Renal arteries are branches of the abdominal aorta that supply blood to the kidneys. They play a crucial role in delivering oxygenated blood to the kidneys for filtration and waste removal. Choice A, Renal capsules, are fibrous tissue surrounding the kidney, not blood vessels. Choice B, Ureters, are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, not blood vessels. Choice D, Renal Columns, are extensions of the renal cortex in the kidney, not blood vessels. Hence, C is the correct choice as it directly relates to the blood supply of the kidneys.
Question 4 of 5
A 35 year old man heroin addict on methadone maintenance therapy for the last one year, is positive for TB on Chest x-ray. He was started on standard quadri anti-TB drug. He is rushed to ER complaining of withdrawal symptoms. Which of the following anti-TB drugs is likely to cause this patient’s withdrawal reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rifampicin. Rifampicin is known to induce cytochrome P450 enzymes, leading to increased metabolism of methadone and subsequently causing withdrawal symptoms in methadone-maintained patients. Streptomycin (A) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in TB treatment but does not interact with methadone. INH (C) and Pyrazinamide (D) do not have significant interactions with methadone metabolism. Therefore, Rifampicin is the likely cause of this patient's withdrawal symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
Clavulanic acid is combined with amoxicillin because:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that protects amoxicillin from being destroyed by beta-lactamases produced by certain bacteria. This allows amoxicillin to effectively kill the bacteria. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because clavulanic acid does not affect renal excretion, directly destroy bacteria, or counteract adverse effects of amoxicillin.