ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 20 year old male patient is diagnosed with Chaga's disease, Amirican * rypanosomiasis. Whch drug would be the most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Suramin. Suramin is the drug of choice for treating Chaga's disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is a specific drug that targets the parasite responsible for the disease. Nifurtimox is used for acute Chaga's disease, not chronic cases like in this patient. Metronidazole is not effective against Trypanosoma cruzi. Chloroquine is used for treating malaria, not Chaga's disease. Therefore, the most appropriate drug for this patient is Suramin.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of alprostadil? *
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Alprostadil is a prostaglandin E1 analogue that works by increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. This leads to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation, which helps in treating conditions like erectile dysfunction. Choice A is incorrect because alprostadil does not primarily increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Choice C is incorrect as there is no known mechanism of action involving PD for alprostadil. Choice D is an incomplete option and not a valid answer.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with psychologic disorder is being treated with a drug. Few months * he is worried that he is constantly thirsty and urinates copiously frequently throughout the day and night. Which of the following drugs most likely cause inappropriate secretion of ADH?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lithium. Lithium is known to cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, a condition where the kidneys are unable to respond to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive urination and thirst. This is due to lithium disrupting the normal function of the kidneys in retaining water. Diazepam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and does not affect ADH secretion. Haloperidol (C) is an antipsychotic that can cause hyperprolactinemia but not inappropriate ADH secretion. Phenytoin (D) is an anticonvulsant and does not impact ADH secretion.
Question 4 of 5
The Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is blocked * by;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thiazides. Thiazides inhibit the Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, leading to increased excretion of sodium and water. This results in diuresis and decreased blood pressure. A: Spironolactone acts on the aldosterone receptor in the collecting duct, not on the Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule. C: Furosemide and D: Ethacrynic acid act on the Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, not on the Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule.
Question 5 of 5
What volume of glomerular filtrate do adults within the urinary system? make every day?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 1-5 litres. This is the average volume of glomerular filtrate that adults produce daily. The kidneys filter around 180 liters of blood plasma daily, but only 1-5 liters of urine is excreted. The gall bladder (A) stores bile, not involved in urine production. The ureter (C) is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, doesn't relate to the volume of filtrate. 80 liters (D) is too high for daily urine production and would lead to severe dehydration.