ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 20-year-old female with a history of substance abuse has delivered a child whose weight is less than the 10th percentile. Other findings include small head and flat midface. The patient has an atrial septal defect. Which of the following substances may have caused these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) from alcohol causes growth restriction, microcephaly, flat midface, and cardiac defects. Cocaine , Marijuana , Opioids , and Tobacco (E) don't fully match. Alcohol's teratogenicity explains the infant's features.
Question 2 of 5
A 25-year-old woman with myoclonic seizures is well controlled on valproate. She indicates that she is interested in becoming pregnant in the next year. With respect to her antiepilepsy medication, which of the following should be considered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproate controls myoclonic seizures but is teratogenic, linked to neural tube defects (e.g., spina bifida) and cognitive deficits in offspring, posing significant pregnancy risks. Switching to lamotrigine, effective for myoclonic seizures and safer (lower teratogenicity), is recommended preconception after titration. Continuing valproate unchanged ignores fetal harm. Adding another drug increases complexity without addressing valproate's risks. Lowering the dose may compromise seizure control. Lamotrigine's efficacy and better pregnancy safety profile, per guidelines, make it the best consideration.
Question 3 of 5
Centrally acting antitussives, such as opioids, are used to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opioid antitussives (e.g., codeine) act on the brain's cough center, suppressing severe, persistent coughs , often in conditions like bronchitis, not mild coughs . They don't decongest or thin mucus . Choice C reflects their purpose for significant cough relief, critical for nursing education.
Question 4 of 5
Antihistamines block the actions of histamine at the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antihistamines target H1 receptors for allergy relief, not B1/B2 (choices B, C) or nonexistent C1 . A reflects their mechanism, making it correct.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving IV nitroglycerin for chest pain. Which assessment finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nitroglycerin dilates vessels, relieving angina but risking hypotension. BP of 90/60 mmHg indicates excessive drop, requiring immediate action (e.g., stopping infusion) to prevent shock. Heart rate of 80 and respiratory rate of 16 are normal. Pain at 2/10 shows efficacy. Hypotension's threat to perfusion aligns with nitroglycerin's effect, critical in chest pain where stability is key, making A the finding needing swift response.