ATI RN
Nursing Practice Questions for Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 20-month-old develops hemolytic anemia, anuria, azotemia, and thrombocytopenia after a bout of febrile bloody diarrhea. What is the most likely cause of this illness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enterohemorrhagic E. coli causes hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) following bloody diarrhea.
Question 2 of 5
A 15-year-old male presents to your office with complaint of fever, malaise, headache, cough, and shortness of breath. A chest radiograph reveals left upper and lower lobe infiltrates. His WBC count is elevated. He states that he recently received a pet cockatiel that became ill and died. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci) is linked to bird exposure, causing pneumonia with systemic symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
All of the following have been shown to be routes of transmission for tularemia EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tularemia is not transmitted person-to-person; it’s zoonotic via ticks, aerosols, or water.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following vaccines should NOT be given to children with severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Live vaccines like measles are contraindicated in SCID due to severe immune deficiency.
Question 5 of 5
Which is the most common cause of osteomyelitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: S. aureus is the most frequent cause of osteomyelitis in children.