Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Measles serological test. This is because the clinical presentation of high fever, maculopapular rash, and Filatov-Koplik's spots on the buccal mucosa are classic symptoms of measles. The presence of Filatov-Koplik's spots is highly specific for measles. Performing a measles serological test will help confirm the diagnosis by detecting measles-specific antibodies in the blood. Incorrect choices: A: Mumps serological test - Mumps typically presents with parotitis (swelling of the parotid glands) and not with Filatov-Koplik's spots. B: Enteroviruses serological test - Enteroviruses do not typically cause Filatov-Koplik's spots or the classic triad of symptoms seen in measles. D: Influenza virus serological test - Influenza virus does not cause Filatov-Koplik's spots and the characteristic rash seen

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Meningitides. H. Influenzae type b (Hib) is a bacterium known to cause meningitis, a serious infection of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Hib does not typically cause tonsillitis, urinary tract infections, or gastroenteritis. Meningitis is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt treatment, making it crucial to identify Hib as the causative agent.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides are antibiotics that act by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, disrupting protein synthesis in bacteria. This interaction affects the ribosomes directly, leading to inhibition of bacterial protein production. Penicillins (A) work by inhibiting cell wall synthesis, Sulfonamides (C) target folic acid synthesis, and Quinolones (D) inhibit DNA gyrase. These mechanisms do not directly affect the ribosomes, making them incorrect choices in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Salk and Sabin vaccines are vaccines against polio. Both Salk and Sabin vaccines are indeed vaccines specifically developed to prevent polio. The Salk vaccine is an inactivated polio vaccine, while the Sabin vaccine is an oral live attenuated vaccine. Therefore, choice B is incorrect as the Sabin vaccine is live attenuated, not inactivated. Choice C is also incorrect because the Salk vaccine is inactivated, not live attenuated. Choice D is incorrect because not all statements are true; only statement A is accurate.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Meat-peptone agar, as it provides a simple nutritive media for bacterial growth. This agar contains meat extract and peptone, which are good sources of nutrients for bacterial growth. Glucose broth (A) is a liquid medium with glucose but lacks other essential nutrients. Ascites (serum) agar (B) is a selective medium used for detecting pathogens in clinical samples. Blood agar (D) is a differential medium used to distinguish different types of bacteria based on hemolytic reactions. Meat-peptone agar is the simplest and most general-purpose medium among the options provided.