ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 2-year-old child presented with fever, irritability, and inability to walk; on examination there is erythema, swelling, warmth, and tenderness over the lower thigh; radiographs of the left knee showed focal destruction of the distal femoral metaphysis and periosteal reaction. Of the following, the MOST common etiological pathogen of this condition is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: S. aureus (B) is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in children, per pediatric orthopedics.
Question 2 of 5
Leukocoria is a manifestation of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukocoria (white pupil) is a classic sign of retinoblastoma.
Question 3 of 5
A 3-year- old girl with newly diagnosed paravertebral neuroblastoma, presented to the pediatric emergency department with rapid onset weakness of both lower limbs following a 3-day history of severe back pain. Of the following, the MOST possible diagnosis is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinal cord compression from a paravertebral neuroblastoma explains the lower limb weakness and back pain.
Question 4 of 5
Almost all the following pediatric malignancies require chemotherapy EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low-grade neuroblastoma may be managed with observation or surgery alone in some cases, unlike the others requiring chemotherapy.
Question 5 of 5
A translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 (BCR-ABL) plays an important role in the development of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The BCR-ABL translocation (Philadelphia chromosome) is a hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia.