A 19-year-old student is distressed over unprotected sex and potential pregnancy. What should the nurse say?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) You have several options; let’s discuss what is best for you. This response is appropriate because it acknowledges the distress of the student, respects their autonomy in decision-making, and offers support and guidance without making assumptions or providing potentially inaccurate information. Option A is incorrect because it provides inaccurate information about the age requirement for purchasing emergency contraception, which is typically available without age restrictions. This misinformation could lead to confusion or delay in seeking help. Option B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that Plan B will terminate a pregnancy. Plan B is an emergency contraceptive that prevents pregnancy but does not terminate an existing pregnancy. Providing incorrect information could lead to misunderstanding and inappropriate decision-making. Option C is incorrect as it suggests that access to emergency contraception is dependent on state laws, which may not be accurate. Emergency contraception is generally available over-the-counter without age restrictions. Relying on state laws for access could lead to unnecessary barriers or delays in obtaining timely help. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to offer accurate information, support decision-making based on individual circumstances, and ensure access to appropriate resources. By guiding the student through their options and providing accurate information, the nurse can empower them to make informed choices regarding their sexual health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) "A 60-year-old woman who walks briskly and has a pulse rate of 125 during activity." This person exceeds the recommended activity guidelines because a pulse rate of 125 during brisk walking indicates a moderate level of physical activity, which aligns with the current guidelines for adults. Option A is incorrect because a pulse rate of 137 during bike riding may indicate vigorous activity, which exceeds the recommended guidelines for some individuals. Option B is incorrect as a pulse rate of 145 during swimming also suggests vigorous activity, potentially exceeding guidelines. Option C is incorrect as a pulse rate of 120 during jogging may indicate light to moderate activity, falling within or slightly below the recommended guidelines for some individuals. In an educational context, understanding how different activities impact heart rate is crucial for tailoring exercise prescriptions to individuals based on their fitness levels and health status. Teaching students to interpret pulse rates during various activities helps them design safe and effective exercise programs for diverse populations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of injury-prevention education in the workplace, the correct answer is B) "All workers need continued education related to safety issues." This answer is the most comprehensive and inclusive because safety education is essential for all employees regardless of their level of experience. Ongoing education ensures that all workers are up to date with the latest safety protocols, equipment operation procedures, and potential hazards in the workplace. Option A is incorrect as focusing only on workers with the least experience neglects the need for continuous learning and improvement among all employees. Safety education should be a continuous process for all workers to maintain a safe work environment. Option C is unrelated to the question as it discusses the applicability of OSHA rules to companies based on their size, rather than addressing the need for ongoing safety education for workers. Option D is incorrect because stating that middle-age workers have the lowest rate of injury does not address the question of who needs ongoing safety education. Safety education is necessary for all workers regardless of their age or injury rates. In an educational context, it is crucial to emphasize that safety education is a fundamental aspect of workplace health promotion. By providing continuous training and education on injury prevention, employers can create a culture of safety awareness and empower all employees to actively contribute to maintaining a safe work environment. Ongoing education ensures that workers are equipped with the knowledge and skills needed to identify and mitigate potential risks, ultimately reducing the likelihood of workplace injuries and promoting overall well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of nutrition and older adults, option D, "Many older adults are not aware of food assistance programs," is the correct answer. This statement is true as many older adults who could benefit from food assistance programs are unaware of their existence or eligibility criteria. This lack of awareness can lead to undernutrition and related health issues in this population. Option A is incorrect because older adults living in their own homes may still be at risk of malnutrition due to various factors such as social isolation, limited income, or health conditions that affect their ability to shop for and prepare nutritious meals. Option B is also incorrect as older adults do not universally lose their desire for high-fat, salty foods. Preferences for certain tastes can vary among individuals and may not necessarily change solely based on age. Option C is misleading as meals served in long-term care institutions may not always be well-balanced. Factors such as budget constraints, staffing issues, and individual dietary preferences can impact the nutritional quality of meals in such settings. Educationally, it is essential for healthcare providers and caregivers to be aware of the challenges older adults face in maintaining adequate nutrition. Understanding the barriers to accessing nutritious food, including lack of awareness about food assistance programs, can help in developing targeted interventions to promote healthy eating habits and overall well-being in this population.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion for older adults, the correct answer is B) Encouraging fluids between meals to reduce constipation. Older adults are at higher risk for constipation due to factors such as decreased mobility, dietary changes, and medication side effects. Adequate hydration helps soften stools and promote regular bowel movements. Encouraging fluids between meals is essential as it ensures hydration throughout the day, which is crucial for maintaining bowel regularity. Option A) Offering pureed foods that are easy to digest may not directly address the hydration needs that are essential for managing constipation. While diet plays a role in bowel health, focusing solely on pureed foods may not provide the necessary fiber and fluid content needed for alleviating constipation in older adults. Option C) Administering laxatives daily is not recommended as a first-line approach for managing constipation in older adults. Overreliance on laxatives can lead to dependence and may not address the underlying causes of constipation. Option D) Assisting with ambulation is important for overall mobility and well-being in older adults, but it may not directly impact constipation unless coupled with other strategies like hydration and dietary modifications. Educationally, understanding the multifactorial nature of constipation in older adults and the importance of hydration in bowel health is crucial for healthcare providers. By promoting fluid intake between meals, healthcare professionals can help prevent and manage constipation effectively in this population, promoting better quality of life and overall health outcomes.