Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Have him breathe into a paper bag. Breathing into a paper bag helps increase the carbon dioxide levels in the blood, which can help reverse respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventilation during an anxiety attack. This intervention helps to normalize the blood pH and alleviate symptoms. Incorrect choices: A: Making sure oxygen is administered as ordered is not appropriate for respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation. Oxygen therapy can worsen the condition by further reducing carbon dioxide levels. C: Placing the student in a semi-fowler's position does not directly address the primary issue of respiratory alkalosis and anxiety-induced hyperventilation. D: Coughing and deep breathing exercises may exacerbate the hyperventilation and worsen the respiratory alkalosis rather than alleviate the symptoms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: in a semi-fowler's position. This position helps to improve ventilation and oxygenation by allowing the unaffected lung to expand fully. It also prevents further compression of the affected lung. Trendelenburg position (B) could worsen the pneumothorax by causing more pressure on the affected lung. Prone position (C) is not recommended as it can further compress the affected lung. Placing the patient on the right side (D) would not be beneficial in this case as it does not facilitate lung expansion on the affected side.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Wearing cotton gloves, especially during sleep, helps reduce itching by preventing scratching, which can further irritate the skin. Cotton is a breathable fabric that reduces friction and irritation. A: Humidifying the environment may help in some cases, but it doesn't directly address the itching or maintaining skin integrity. B: Avoiding a skin lubricant is not recommended as it can help moisturize the skin and reduce itching. C: Bathing with a bar soap that contains lye can be harsh and drying, exacerbating the skin reaction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: D is correct because cleanliness helps prevent infections. Washing hands and keeping breasts clean reduces the risk of mastitis and abscesses. A is incorrect because alternating breasts is a common practice in breastfeeding. B is incorrect as frequent nursing helps maintain milk supply and prevent engorgement, reducing the risk of mastitis. C is incorrect as breastfeeding itself is not a cause of mastitis or abscess; stopping abruptly can lead to further complications like engorgement.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant. This client has the highest risk of ovarian cancer due to nulliparity, which is a known risk factor. Women who have never been pregnant have a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to those who have had children. Other choices are incorrect because contraceptives actually reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, having children can slightly decrease the risk, and having a child at a young age does not increase the risk significantly.