ATI RN
ATI Proctored Exam Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 19-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after being found by the police to be disruptive in a shopping mall. He states that he is hearing voices and seeing Jesus Christ. The police apprehended him because he was acting violently. He arrives in the emergency department and is combative. His blood pressure is 190/90 mm Hg. His core body temperature is 39°C. The most likely explanation for these findings is overdose of which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hallucinations, violence, hypertension, and hyperthermia suggest phencyclidine (PCP) overdose . PCP, an NMDA antagonist, causes dissociative psychosis and sympathetic stimulation. Alcohol sedates, cocaine lacks hallucinations, marijuana doesn't cause violence, and Quaaludes (E) sedate. PCP's unique profile fits this acute, agitated presentation.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed docusate sodium (Colace) for constipation. Which statement by the client indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Docusate, a stool softener, prevents straining by drawing water into stool. Drinking more water enhances this, showing understanding. It works in 1-3 days, not hours or immediately . Milk isn't needed. Hydration aligns with docusate's mechanism, key in constipation where moisture matters, making B the correct statement.
Question 3 of 5
The following drugs are effectively administered by the rectal route to produce their systemic effect:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Indometacin, when administered rectally, bypasses first-pass metabolism, allowing rapid systemic absorption and therapeutic effect.
Question 4 of 5
Bisoprolol (Zebeta) would be the drug of choice for which patient with a diagnosis of hypertension?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bisoprolol is the drug of choice for older adults. It is not associated with as many adverse effects in the elderly and regular dosing profiles can be used. This drug does not have an established pediatric dosage. Although the 37-year-old patient is an adult, there are additional choices for this patient, with a more favorable adverse effect profile. The nurse should consider age-related factors when selecting antihypertensive medications.
Question 5 of 5
In the case of a Heparin overdose, which antidote would you give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the case of a Heparin overdose, the antidote of choice is Protamine sulfate. Heparin is a commonly used anticoagulant medication, and if an overdose occurs leading to excessive bleeding, Protamine sulfate can be administered to reverse the effects of Heparin by neutralizing its anticoagulant activity. It forms a complex with Heparin, rendering it inactive and helping to slow down or stop the bleeding. Naloxone is used as an antidote for opioid overdose, Ibutilide is used for arrhythmias, and Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant commonly used to treat ADHD. But these antidotes are not appropriate for reversing the effects of a Heparin overdose.