A 16-year-old mother complaining she feels unhappy living with her husband and his family. The most appropriate action is

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale is a screening tool for postnatal depression which might address her unhappiness.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Introducing variations in styles of clothing can help the client feel more comfortable and confident despite the abnormal enlargement of her arm due to lymphedema. By wearing different styles of clothing that accommodate the affected arm, the client can still express her personal style and feel good about her appearance. This approach can help improve the client's self-image and self-esteem, supporting her emotionally as she copes with the condition. Placing the arm in a sling, applying cold soaks, or tying a tight bandage are not appropriate suggestions for addressing the client's anxiety and self-image concerns in this situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Snellen chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity. The numbers in a Snellen fraction indicate the distance from which a person with normal eyesight can see the letters on the chart. In the case of 20/80, this means that the person can see at 80 feet what a person with normal eyesight can see at 20 feet. So, option A is correct as it accurately explains what is indicated by a Snellen chart finding of 20/80.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The standard treatment for Wilms tumor is a nephrectomy of the affected kidney while preserving the other kidney.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Type I DM, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is characterized mainly by insulin deficiency. In this type of diabetes, the pancreas produces little to no insulin, which is essential for regulating blood glucose levels. Therefore, individuals with type I DM require lifelong insulin therapy to manage their condition. Unlike type II DM, which is associated with insulin resistance, type I DM is not preventable through lifestyle modifications like diet and exercise alone. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the family about the importance of insulin therapy, monitoring blood glucose levels, carbohydrate counting, and responding to hypoglycemic episodes in caring for their 7-year-old with type I DM.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A biopsy is a diagnostic procedure that involves the removal of a small sample of tissue or cells from the body for examination under a microscope. This is done to determine the presence of abnormal or malignant cells, which can indicate the presence of cancer or other diseases. Biopsies are often performed when there is a suspicion of cancer based on imaging studies or other clinical findings. Detecting malignant cells through a biopsy is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning. Early detection of cancer through biopsy can significantly improve the prognosis and survival rates of patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Risk for obesity does not necessarily fall by 6 years.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Leucovorin, also known as folinic acid, is given concurrently with methotrexate therapy to protect normal cells from the toxic effects of methotrexate. Methotrexate is a folate antagonist that affects both cancer cells and normal cells. Leucovorin is a reduced form of folic acid that bypasses the enzyme targeted by methotrexate, allowing normal cells to continue using folate for DNA synthesis. This rescue therapy helps prevent or reduce the side effects of methotrexate, such as mucositis, myelosuppression, and other toxic effects on normal cells. It is important to administer leucovorin at the appropriate times following methotrexate administration to maximize its protective effect while maintaining the efficacy of the chemotherapy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The recommended treatment for gonorrhea is a combination of antibiotics. Currently, multidose administration of antibiotics such as ceftriaxone or azithromycin is often used due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Treatment by topical applications to lesions is not effective in treating systemic infections like gonorrhea. Treating all sexual contacts is an essential part of the management of gonorrhea to prevent reinfection and further transmission of the infection.