ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Proctored Exam 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 16-year-old female was rescued from a house fire and transported to the emergency department. She has no serious burns but is beginning to show signs of cyanide toxicity. She is given sodium nitrite as an antidote. How will sodium nitrite help in this case?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyanide toxicity from smoke inhalation blocks cytochrome oxidase. Sodium nitrite oxidizes hemoglobin iron to methemoglobin, which binds cyanide, reducing toxicity. Urine pH , chelation , inactivation , and enzyme regeneration (E) don't apply. This shifts cyanide away from mitochondria, aiding recovery.
Question 2 of 5
A 36-year-old woman grocery store manager with a fair complexion and blue eyes presents to her primary care physician for a routine exam. She mentions a friend of hers who is taking bimatoprost to increase the length and amount of her eyelashes and asks if you would recommend it for her. Her past medical history is significant for migraine headaches. Which of the following is a side effect you should warn her about?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A 52-year-old man has had several focal complex partial seizures over the last year. Which one of the following therapies would be the most appropriate initial therapy for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levetiracetam treats focal complex partial seizures by modulating synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, reducing excitability with broad efficacy, good tolerability, and minimal interactions, making it an appropriate initial therapy. Ethosuximide targets absence seizures, not focal. Diazepam manages acute seizures, not maintenance. Carbamazepine plus primidone is excessive; carbamazepine alone controls focal seizures via sodium channel blockade but has more interactions. Watchful waiting risks progression. Levetiracetam's profile, per guidelines, suits this patient as a first-line choice.
Question 4 of 5
The client has been prescribed the opioid combination drug Novahistine DM for control of cough. This drug contains codeine, phenylephrine, and chlorpheniramine. Which instructions should the nurse provide as part of medication education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Novahistine DM combines codeine (antitussive), phenylephrine (decongestant), and chlorpheniramine (antihistamine), causing sedation and impaired judgment. 'Do not make important decisions or operate machinery' is critical, as codeine's CNS depression, amplified by chlorpheniramine, risks accidents (correct answers: 3, 4, 5). Water aids swallowing but isn't key. Bedside storage risks overuse. Adherence is vital but secondary to safety. Choice D prioritizes preventing harm.
Question 5 of 5
Centrally acting antitussives, such as opioids, are used to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.