ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Med Surg 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 16-year-old diagnosed with a conduct disorder (CD) has been in a residential program for 3 months. Which outcome should occur before discharge?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Before discharge, creating a behavioral contract with rules, rewards, and consequences is crucial for maintaining progress made in the residential program. This helps the adolescent and parents establish clear expectations and boundaries, promoting consistency and accountability. Choice B is incorrect because although having positive influences is important, it is not a specific outcome that must be achieved before discharge. Choice C is incorrect as it involves temporary placement with a foster family, which may not be necessary if the adolescent and parents can work together effectively. Choice D is incorrect as it sets an unrealistic and arbitrary expectation of experiencing no anger or frustration for a week, which may not be achievable or sustainable.
Question 2 of 5
The family of a child diagnosed with an impulse control disorder needs help to function more adaptively. Which aspect of the child's plan of care will be provided by an advanced practice nurse rather than a staff nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, providing dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT). Advanced practice nurses have specialized training and skills to provide psychotherapy interventions like DBT. DBT is an evidence-based therapy specifically designed to help individuals with impulse control disorders. Leading an activity group (choice A) and providing positive feedback (choice B) can be done by both advanced practice and staff nurses. Formulating nursing diagnoses (choice C) is within the scope of both roles but does not directly address the therapeutic intervention needed for impulse control disorders.
Question 3 of 5
Parents of an adolescent diagnosed with a CD say, 'We don't know how to respond when our child breaks the rules in our house. Is there any treatment that might help us?' Which therapy is likely to be helpful for these parents?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT). PCIT focuses on improving parent-child communication and interactions, teaching parents effective discipline strategies, and enhancing the parent-child relationship. This therapy is specifically designed to help parents manage disruptive behaviors in children, such as conduct disorder (CD). By participating in PCIT, parents can learn skills to respond to rule-breaking behavior in a positive and effective manner, ultimately improving the child's behavior and family dynamics. Incorrect choices: B: Behavior modification therapy focuses on changing specific behaviors through reinforcement and punishment, but may not address the underlying parent-child relationship issues. C: Multi-systemic therapy (MST) targets various systems influencing the adolescent's behavior, but may not directly address the parents' need for guidance on managing rule-breaking behavior at home. D: Pharmacotherapy involves medication treatment, which may be used in conjunction with therapy but does not directly address the parents' need for guidance on responding to rule-breaking behavior.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent diagnosed with a CD stole and wrecked a neighbor's motorcycle. Afterward, the adolescent was confronted about the behavior but expressed no remorse. Which variation in the central nervous system best explains the adolescent's reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reduced gray matter in the cortex and dysfunction of the amygdala can lead to decreased feelings of empathy. The adolescent's lack of remorse for stealing and wrecking the neighbor's motorcycle suggests a deficit in empathy, which is controlled by the amygdala and the cortex. The amygdala is responsible for processing emotions, including empathy, while the cortex plays a role in higher cognitive functions like decision-making and understanding consequences. Dysfunction in these areas can result in a lack of emotional response or understanding of the impact of one's actions, leading to a lack of remorse. Choice A is incorrect because while serotonin dysregulation and increased testosterone activity can affect behavior, they are not directly linked to remorse. Choice B is incorrect as neuron destruction in the hippocampus is associated with memory and learning, not empathy. Choice D is incorrect because disturbances in the occipital lobe are related to visual processing, not empathy or remorse.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder: manic episode. Which should be the first priority of the listed client outcomes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remains free from injury. This is the first priority because during a manic episode, clients may engage in risky behaviors that can lead to harm. Ensuring the client's safety and preventing injury is crucial before addressing other needs. Choices A, B, and D are important but not as urgent as safety. Maintaining nutritional status, interacting appropriately with peers, and achieving proper sleep can be addressed once the client's safety is ensured.