ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 14-year-old girl is brought to the emergency room as her mother observed that her daughter experienced frequent impairments of consciousness lasting for about 30 seconds. Neurological evaluation indicates 'Absence seizures'. With which of the following drugs should we start treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethosuximide (choice C) treats absence seizures by reducing T-type calcium currents, ideal for brief consciousness lapses. Alprazolam (choice A), Diazepam (choice B), and Midazolam (choice D), benzodiazepines, aren't first-line for absence. Ethosuximide's specificity is key.
Question 2 of 5
The characteristic feature of phenytoin pharmacokinetics is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin follows nonlinear (saturation) kinetics meaning small dose increases can cause disproportionate rises in blood levels.
Question 3 of 5
A newborn with transposition of great arteries needed to keep the ductus arteriosus open. The drug used was
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analog, helps maintain ductus arteriosus patency.
Question 4 of 5
The prostanoid that consistently constricts blood vessels is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thromboxane A2 is a potent vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregator, playing a key role in clot formation.
Question 5 of 5
A 57-year-old man with a seizure disorder takes anti-epileptic medications. His physician would like to use a medicine that is metabolized only by the CYP1A2 receptor. Which of the following agents would be preferred?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Felbamate is primarily metabolized by the CYP1A2 enzyme, making it a suitable choice for patients where CYP1A2 metabolism is desired.