ATI RN
Classes of Psychotropic Medications Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 14-year-old boy who has been diagnosed with Osgood-Schlatter disease reports painful swelling just below the knee for the past 5 months. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Osgood-Schlatter disease is caused by repeated stress on the patellar tendon during periods of rapid growth. It is usually self-limited and resolves with rest. Here is a step-by-step rationale for why this answer is correct: 1. Osgood-Schlatter disease is commonly seen in adolescents during growth spurts. 2. The pain and swelling just below the knee in this 14-year-old boy are typical symptoms of Osgood-Schlatter disease. 3. Rest is the mainstay of treatment for Osgood-Schlatter disease as it allows the inflamed area to heal. 4. The symptoms should improve once the growth spurt is over and the stress on the patellar tendon decreases. 5. Surgery is rarely needed for Osgood-Schlatter disease unless conservative measures fail. In summary, choice C is correct because it addresses the self-limiting nature of Osgood-Schlatter disease and emphasizes the importance of rest
Question 2 of 5
The ability that humans have to perform very skilled movements such as writing is controlled by the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Corticospinal tract. This tract is responsible for carrying signals for voluntary skilled movements from the primary motor cortex to the spinal cord. This includes precise movements like writing. The basal ganglia (A) is involved in motor planning and coordination, not in the direct control of skilled movements. The spinothalamic tract (C) is responsible for transmitting sensory information about pain and temperature, not motor control. The extrapyramidal tract (D) is involved in regulating muscle tone and reflexes, not in executing skilled movements like writing.
Question 3 of 5
During the taking of the health history, a patient tells the nurse that 'it feels like the room is spinning around me.' The nurse would document this finding as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vertigo. Vertigo is a specific sensation of spinning or movement when there is no actual movement in the environment. This symptom is often associated with inner ear disorders. B: Syncope is a temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased blood flow to the brain. C: Dizziness is a general term that can encompass various sensations of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, or spinning. D: Seizure activity involves abnormal electrical activity in the brain, typically presenting with involuntary movements or altered consciousness.
Question 4 of 5
When the nurse asks a 68-year-old patient to stand with his feet together and arms at his side with his eyes closed, he starts to sway and moves his feet farther apart. The nurse would document this finding as:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Positive Romberg sign. This finding indicates a positive Romberg test, which assesses proprioception and vestibular function. The patient swaying and widening his stance with eyes closed suggests a loss of balance control when visual input is removed. This can be indicative of sensory ataxia, a dysfunction in proprioception. Lack of coordination (choice B) is a broad term and does not specifically describe the patient's response. Ataxia (choice A) refers to a lack of muscle control during voluntary movements, not related to balance with eyes closed. Negative Homans sign (choice C) is a test for deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities, not relevant in this case.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is testing superficial reflexes on an adult patient. When stroking up the lateral side of the sole and across the ball of the foot, the nurse notices the plantar flexion of the toes. How should the nurse document this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Plantar reflex present. This is the correct documentation for observing plantar flexion of the toes during stroking of the sole. This response indicates a normal plantar reflex, also known as the Babinski reflex, in adults. A positive Babinski sign (choice A) would involve dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning of the other toes, which is abnormal in adults. Choice B (Plantar reflex abnormal) is incorrect because the observed plantar flexion is actually a normal response. Choice D (Plantar reflex 2+ on a scale from '0 to 4+') is not appropriate for documenting superficial reflexes.