ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care 7th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 12-year-old male has short stature because of a constitutional growth delay. What should the nurse be the most concerned about?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should be most concerned about the child's self-esteem and sense of competence. A 12-year-old male with short stature due to a constitutional growth delay may experience feelings of inadequacy or embarrassment because of his height. It is important for the nurse to address these emotional aspects of the condition and support the child in developing a positive self-image. By promoting the child's self-esteem and sense of competence, the nurse can help the child navigate any challenges associated with his height and build confidence in his abilities and worth as an individual.
Question 2 of 5
Hepatoblastoma is a neoplasm of undifferentiated precursors of hepatocytes. It is of different histological classification; which type predict the MOST favorable outcome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pure epithelial histology, particularly fetal type, is associated with the best prognosis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is the most common cause of hyperaldosteronism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most common cause of hyperaldosteronism is an adrenal adenoma, which is a benign tumor of the adrenal gland. Adrenal adenomas produce excessive amounts of aldosterone, a hormone that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the body. This overproduction of aldosterone can lead to increased sodium retention and potassium excretion, resulting in hypertension and low potassium levels in the blood. Excessive sodium intake and deficient potassium intake are not common causes of hyperaldosteronism. Pituitary adenomas are associated with conditions such as Cushing's syndrome or acromegaly, but not hyperaldosteronism.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is conducting an assessment on a school-age child with urosepsis. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a school-age child with urosepsis, the nurse should expect the assessment finding of fever with a positive blood culture. Urosepsis is a severe infection in the urinary tract that has spread to the bloodstream, causing systemic symptoms such as fever. Positive blood cultures indicate the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, confirming the diagnosis of sepsis. Other common symptoms of urosepsis may include chills, rapid heart rate, increased respiratory rate, and altered mental status. Proteinuria and edema (choice B) are more indicative of kidney disorders such as nephrotic syndrome rather than urosepsis. Oliguria and hypertension (choice C) may be seen in conditions like acute kidney injury but are not specific to urosepsis. Anemia and thrombocytopenia (choice D) are more characteristic of conditions such as hemolytic uremic syndrome rather than urosepsis.
Question 5 of 5
A client is receiving a blood transfusion. If this client experiences an acute hemolytic reaction, which nursing intervention is the most important?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the case of an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion, the most important nursing intervention is to immediately stop the transfusion and infuse normal saline solution. This is crucial to prevent further complications associated with the hemolysis of red blood cells. Normal saline helps maintain blood pressure and support kidney function, which may be compromised during a hemolytic reaction. Additionally, notifying the blood bank is important to investigate and prevent future reactions, and to determine if there was an error in blood compatibility. Administering antihistamines or changing the fluid type (such as dextrose 5% in water) will not address the underlying issue of hemolysis and may not be the most appropriate interventions in this scenario.