ATI RN
Endocrine System Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 12-year-old female adolescent is brought to the emergency room because of irritability, paresthesia, and seizure-like state after a psychological trauma. She is conscious with tachypnea and carpopedal spasm. Of the following, the MOST valuable test is the determination of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperventilation-induced respiratory alkalosis (from tachypnea) reduces ionized calcium, causing tetany (carpopedal spasm). Ionized calcium is the most valuable test, as total calcium (A) may be normal, and pH (C), albumin (D), and magnesium (E) are secondary.
Question 2 of 5
Idiopathic familial hypercalciuria (IHC) is treated by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Idiopathic familial hypercalciuria (IHC) is treated by normal calcium intake with low sodium and low oxalate intake to reduce stone risk, sometimes requiring potassium citrate or thiazides.
Question 3 of 5
A 5-month-old infant presented with symmetrical profound muscle weakness, tachypnea, tachycardia, and poor feeding. His chest x-ray showed cardiomegaly and his ECG revealed short PR interval. Of the following, the MOST likely glycogen storage disease is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type II (Pompe) causes profound muscle weakness, cardiomyopathy (cardiomegaly), and respiratory issues due to glycogen accumulation in muscles and heart, with short PR interval on ECG, matching this presentation.
Question 4 of 5
A constant threat of homocystinuria is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Homocystinuria’s constant threat is arterial thromboses due to homocysteine’s vascular toxicity, a life-threatening complication outweighing skeletal (B, C), ocular (A), or cognitive (D) issues.
Question 5 of 5
Sudden infant death syndrome is reported in infants with
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is a known cause of SIDS due to hypoketotic hypoglycemia during fasting stress, more commonly than other fatty acid oxidation disorders.