ATI RN
ATI Nursing Proctored Pediatric Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 10 years old girl presented with fever and bruises for last 2 weeks. On examination she is pale; however there is no evidence of lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Her Hb is 6g/dl, TLC is 2700 and platelets are 90000. The most appropriate investigation to clinch the diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bone marrow aspiration is essential to rule out conditions like aplastic anemia or leukemia, which could explain the symptoms and lab findings.
Question 2 of 9
What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the lungs while in utero. After birth, the ductus arteriosus should close to redirect blood flow through the lungs for oxygenation. Surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus is performed to prevent the shunting of unoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, therefore stopping the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation. This helps to ensure that oxygenated blood is properly circulated to the body tissues and organs.
Question 3 of 9
Where do the lesions of atopic dermatitis (eczema) most commonly occur in the infant? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In infants with atopic dermatitis (eczema), the lesions most commonly occur on the cheeks (option A) and the extensor surfaces of the arms and legs (option C). The cheeks are a common site of involvement due to increased exposure to irritants and saliva from drooling. The extensor surfaces of the arms and legs are also frequently affected due to scratching and rubbing against clothing. While atopic dermatitis can occur in other areas such as the buttocks, back, and trunk, the cheeks and extensor surfaces are the most common locations in infants.
Question 4 of 9
A 10 years old girl presented with fever and bruises for last 2 weeks. On examination she is pale; however there is no evidence of lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Her Hb is 6g/dl, TLC is 2700 and platelets are 90000. The most appropriate investigation to clinch the diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bone marrow aspiration is essential to rule out conditions like aplastic anemia or leukemia, which could explain the symptoms and lab findings.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is caring for a newborn receiving an exchange transfusion for hemolytic disease. Assessment of the newborn reveals slight respiratory distress and tachycardia. Which should the nurse's first action be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Slight respiratory distress and tachycardia in a newborn during an exchange transfusion may indicate a possible transfusion reaction or overload. The first action the nurse should take is to stop the transfusion to prevent any further complications and assess the newborn's condition. After stopping the transfusion, the nurse can then take appropriate steps such as notifying the practitioner, administering medications, or providing supportive care as needed.
Question 6 of 9
What is the last step when inserting an IV cannula?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The last step when inserting an IV cannula is to place a sterile dressing over the insertion site. This helps to protect the site from contamination and reduce the risk of infection. A sterile dressing also helps to maintain the integrity of the insertion site and prevent any foreign materials from entering the wound. Additionally, the dressing provides a barrier between the cannula site and the external environment, promoting healing and reducing the chance of complications.
Question 7 of 9
Extraneural metastasis from primary brain tumors is MOST commonly likely to occur in which tumor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Medulloblastoma is notorious for extraneural spread, particularly to bones and bone marrow.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse knows that Parkinson's disease a progressive neurologic disorder is characterized by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurologic disorder that is characterized by a triad of symptoms known as the classic Parkinsonian triad. These symptoms include bradykinesia (slowness of movement), tremor (involuntary shaking), and muscle rigidity (stiffness of the muscles). Therefore, all of the given choices are correct in describing the characteristics of Parkinson's disease.
Question 9 of 9
With severe diarrhea, electrolytes as well as fluids are lost. What electrolyte imbalance is indicated in Ms. CC's decreased muscle tone and deep tendon reflexes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia is indicated in Ms. CC's decreased muscle tone and deep tendon reflexes. Potassium is an essential electrolyte for muscle function, including maintaining muscle tone and supporting proper nerve conduction for reflexes. When potassium levels are low, it can lead to muscle weakness, decreased muscle tone, and reduced deep tendon reflexes. With severe diarrhea, potassium is often lost along with fluids, leading to a potential electrolyte imbalance such as hypokalemia. Additionally, hypokalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias, muscle cramps, and fatigue, further supporting the presence of this electrolyte imbalance in Ms. CC.