ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 10-year-old girl with lobar pneumonia has a history of reaction to cefaclor and a family history of penicillin anaphylaxis. What is the most appropriate antibiotic?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clindamycin is the safest alternative for severe pneumonia in patients with a history of severe beta-lactam allergy.
Question 2 of 5
In hyperkalemia, which of the following treatments antagonizes the direct effect of potassium on the heart?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IV calcium gluconate stabilizes cardiac membranes, reducing the risk of arrhythmias from hyperkalemia, without lowering potassium levels.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a hallmark feature of dermatomyositis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dermatomyositis is characterized by muscle weakness, rash, and sometimes joint pain, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
The acute effects of radiation therapy (occurring less than 3 months after therapy begins) are usually related to the area of the body being irradiated. Of the following, the MOST severe acute reaction is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral edema is a severe and potentially life-threatening acute reaction to radiation therapy, particularly in brain irradiation. Other effects, though significant, are generally less severe.
Question 5 of 5
All the following can cause metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap Except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal tubular acidosis causes normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, unlike other conditions listed, which lead to a high anion gap due to acid accumulation.