ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 10-month-old child presents with a temperature of $105^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, watery diarrhea, and a generalized seizure. The most likely cause of this syndrome is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shigella can cause high fever, watery diarrhea, and seizures (shigellosis encephalopathy) in young children.
Question 2 of 5
What is the most appropriate step in the diagnosis of the case described in Question 29?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Serologic testing (CF test) is a key diagnostic method for psittacosis.
Question 3 of 5
On examining a full-term newborn, the physician noted mild hepatomegaly. The remainder of the physical findings was normal, including head circumference and retinas. A urine culture grew cytomegalovirus (CMV). Results of head ultrasonography were normal. Subsequent testing disclosed no metabolic disorders. What deficit is most likely to occur in the next year?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Congenital CMV commonly leads to sensorineural hearing loss within the first year.
Question 4 of 5
A 6-month-old breast-fed infant presents with a 24-hour history of diarrhea but no emesis. On examination, the child is afebrile, has normal vital signs, but has slightly sunken eyes and fontanel. She continues to nurse fairly well. The most appropriate therapy is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mild dehydration in a breastfeeding infant is best managed with oral rehydration solution alongside continued nursing.
Question 5 of 5
Which is true concerning infections in immunocompromised persons?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal flora like coagulase-negative staphylococci can cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients.