ATI RN
Hematology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 1-year-old child has folic acid deficiency since the age of 4 months, the best indicator of this deficiency is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased RBC folate (D) directly measures folate stores, the best indicator. Elevated MCV (A) and hypersegmented neutrophils (E) are late signs, low reticulocytes (B) is nonspecific, and high LDH (C) reflects hemolysis, not folate-specific.
Question 2 of 5
The best assessment of iron overload for patients with thalassemia major is achieved by
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver MRI (A) accurately quantifies iron overload in thalassemia major, superior to ferritin (D, fluctuates), serum iron (C), TIBC (E), or invasive marrow biopsy (B).
Question 3 of 5
A 9-month-old child with a hemoglobin concentration of $10 \mathrm{gm} / \mathrm{dL}$ and marked microcytosis; serum iron and total iron binding capacity are within normal limits; serum ferritin and hemoglobin electrophoresis are also normal. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Microcytosis with normal iron studies and electrophoresis in a 9-month-old suggests α-thalassemia trait (D), common and mild. IDA (A) has low ferritin, sideroblastic (B) shows ringed sideroblasts, B-thal (C) alters electrophoresis, and ACD (E) is normocytic.
Question 4 of 5
Fragmentation hemolysis by mechanical injury may be seen in all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occurs in Kasabach-Merritt (B), prosthetic valves (C), TTP (D), and HUS (E) due to RBC shearing. Burns (A) cause thermal hemolysis, not fragmentation.
Question 5 of 5
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion/replacement is indicated in all the following conditions EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: FFP is indicated for liver disease (A), protein S deficiency (B), preterm clotting issues (D), and vitamin K deficiency (E). TTP (C) requires plasma exchange, not FFP transfusion.