ATI RN
Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
25-year old Francisco M., is diagnosed as having myelocytic leukemia and is admitted for chemotherapy. Francisco M.'s laboratory results indicate bone marrow depression. The nurse should encourage him to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct option is B - Use a soft toothbrush and electric razor. When a patient is diagnosed with myelocytic leukemia and has bone marrow depression as indicated by laboratory results, the platelet count is usually low which can lead to increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, it is important for the patient to use a soft toothbrush and electric razor to minimize the risk of injury and bleeding. Hard toothbrushes and sharp razors can cause damage to the gums and skin, leading to bleeding complications. It is essential to take precautions to prevent injury and promote safety for the patient undergoing chemotherapy with bone marrow depression.
Question 2 of 5
Which assessment finding would prompt the Rn to suspect compartment syndrome in a patient with a long leg cast?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that can occur when increased pressure within a muscle compartment impairs blood supply, leading to tissue ischemia and potential necrosis. Symptoms of compartment syndrome include severe, unrelieved pain that is disproportionate to the injury, as well as pain with passive stretch of the affected muscles. This pain is often described as deep, constant, and out of proportion to physical findings. Other signs that may indicate compartment syndrome include pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, and paralysis, but the most specific and early sign is severe, unrelieved pain. While weak movement of the patient's toes and decreased pedal pulses can also be seen in compartment syndrome, they are not as specific or early indicators as severe, unrelieved pain.
Question 3 of 5
A client was brought to the school clinic wuth severe, constant, localized abdominal pain. Abdominal muscles are rigid, and rebound tenderness is present. Peritonitis is suspected. The client is hypotensive and tachycardic. The nursing diagnosis most appropriate to the client's signs/symptoms is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's signs and symptoms point towards a diagnosis of peritonitis, which is an inflammation of the peritoneum lining the abdominal cavity. The presence of severe, constant abdominal pain, rigid abdominal muscles, rebound tenderness, hypotension, and tachycardia are all indicative of peritonitis. These symptoms are typically seen when there is an infection or inflammation in the abdominal cavity, leading to fluid shifting from the intravascular space to the peritoneal cavity. This shifting of fluid results in hypovolemia, causing hypotension and tachycardia.
Question 4 of 5
JR is admitted to the medical-surgical unit because of a diagnosis of nephritic syndrome. What is the hallmark of this syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nephritic syndrome is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, leading to proteinuria, hematuria, and decreased kidney function. The hallmark symptom of nephritic syndrome is edema, which occurs due to the loss of proteins in the urine as a result of damaged glomeruli. The loss of proteins leads to a decrease in colloid osmotic pressure, causing fluid to leak out from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, resulting in edema. Osmotic diuresis, hypolipidemia, and hyperproteinemia are not typically associated with nephritic syndrome.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse expects to note an elevated serum glucose level in a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome (HHNS). Which other laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome (HHNS) is characterized by extremely elevated blood glucose levels without significant ketosis. Unlike diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), patients with HHNS usually do not have high levels of ketone bodies in their blood or urine. Therefore, the nurse should anticipate below-normal serum potassium levels in a client with HHNS, as hyperglycemia can lead to profound potassium losses through osmotic diuresis. Monitoring and treating electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia, are crucial in managing HHNS. It is important to correct these imbalances promptly to prevent further complications.