2 Which of the following is an example of an advance directive?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care. This is an example of an advance directive because it allows an individual to appoint someone to make healthcare decisions on their behalf if they become unable to do so. This document specifically addresses medical treatment preferences and end-of-life care. A: Last Will and Testament deals with distribution of assets after death, not healthcare decisions. B: Power of Attorney grants authority over legal and financial matters, not healthcare decisions. C: Divorce Decree is a legal document dissolving a marriage, not related to healthcare directives. In summary, the Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care is the correct choice as it specifically pertains to healthcare decision-making in advance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because holistic care emphasizes addressing the whole person, including physical, mental, and social well-being. This approach recognizes that health is influenced by various factors beyond just the physical body. Option B is incorrect as it only focuses on the disease and disabilities, neglecting other aspects of a person's well-being. Option C is incorrect as it solely concentrates on the sickness level rather than the holistic needs of the individual. Option D is incorrect as it only defines health in terms of the absence of disease, overlooking the importance of mental and social well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. The portal of exit is where the infectious agent leaves the reservoir host. 2. Covering the mouth when sneezing helps prevent the spread of respiratory infections through droplets. 3. By covering the mouth, the risk of releasing infectious droplets into the environment decreases, thus reducing transmission. 4. This practice is a direct way to prevent the exit of infectious agents from the reservoir host. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - B: Keeping surfaces clean and dry is related to the mode of transmission or reservoir, not specifically to the portal of exit. - C: Getting a vaccine for a particular disease is a preventive measure but not directly related to the portal of exit. - D: Handwashing is important for infection prevention but is more related to breaking the chain at the mode of transmission stage, not at the portal of exit.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check water temperature before giving a bath or shower. This is important to prevent burns and scalds as water that is too hot can cause serious injuries. By checking the water temperature beforehand, you can ensure it is safe for the individual. Placing hot drinks on the edges of tables (A) can increase the risk of spills and burns. Serving drinks while standing (B) does not directly address the issue of water temperature. Leaving warm water applications on for 30 minutes (C) is not recommended as it can also lead to burns. It is crucial to always check water temperature to prevent burns and scalds.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because looking for a container that will help identify what the resident took or ate can provide crucial information to healthcare providers. By identifying the source of poisoning, appropriate treatment can be administered promptly. Explanation: - A (inducing vomiting) can be dangerous as it may worsen the situation by causing further harm. - B (feeding crackers or bread) is not recommended as it may interfere with medical treatment and delay proper care. - C (giving medication without knowing the exact poison) can be harmful and may worsen the resident's condition. In summary, option D is the most appropriate as it focuses on gathering essential information to assist healthcare professionals in providing effective treatment.