2 How can a nursing assistant help a resident who has a developmental disability?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because breaking tasks into smaller steps helps residents with developmental disabilities understand and complete tasks more easily. This approach promotes independence and empowers the resident. Choice A is incorrect as communication should still be attempted through other means. Choice C is incorrect as residents should be treated with respect regardless of behavior. Choice D is incorrect as it can lead to dependency and hinder the resident's development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because assessing the situation first allows you to ensure your safety and determine the nature of the emergency. Followed by assessing the victim helps you identify their condition and the appropriate next steps. This approach prioritizes gathering crucial information before taking action, which is essential in handling emergencies effectively. Choice A is incorrect because performing first aid without assessing the situation can put you at risk and may not address the actual needs of the victim. Choice B is incorrect as calling the victim's family is not a priority in an emergency situation. Choice D is incorrect because performing CPR without assessing the victim's condition can be harmful if CPR is not needed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contracture. A contracture refers to the permanent and painful shortening of a muscle, tendon, or ligament due to prolonged immobility or lack of proper stretching. This leads to restricted range of motion and can cause significant discomfort. Abdominal girth (A) refers to the measurement around the abdomen, sternal notch (B) is a landmark on the sternum, and demi-span (D) is a term used in anthropometry to measure body proportions. These choices are unrelated to the concept of permanent and painful shortening of muscle, tendon, or ligament as seen in a contracture.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pushing when possible. Using proper body mechanics involves minimizing strain on the body. Pushing objects instead of pulling or lifting reduces stress on the back and joints. It allows for the use of larger muscle groups, promoting better posture and reducing the risk of injury. By pushing, the body weight is better distributed, and it is easier to maintain a neutral spine position. Twisting the back (Choice A) can lead to strain and injury. Lifting (Choice C) should be avoided when possible to prevent back injuries. Using a wide base of support (Choice D) is recommended for stability and balance, unlike a narrow base that may increase the risk of falls.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Discontinue the massage. Redness around bony areas indicates potential skin irritation or pressure ulcers. Continuing the massage could worsen the condition. It is crucial to stop the massage to prevent any further damage. Massaging around these areas (Choice A) or applying extra lotion (Choice D) does not address the underlying issue and may exacerbate the problem. Massaging these areas (Choice B) directly contradicts the need to discontinue the massage to prevent harm.