2/3 of Medicare beneficiaries are enrolled in:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Private managed care plans. Medicare Advantage plans fall under private managed care plans, which cover about 2/3 of Medicare beneficiaries. These plans offer additional benefits beyond original Medicare. Public managed care plans (B) are not as common in Medicare, while public fee-for-service plans (C) and private fee-for-service plans (D) do not make up the majority of Medicare enrollment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer A is correct: 1. Allen and Summers claimed Medicaid expansion led to improved access to healthcare. 2. Improved access to healthcare can lead to early detection and treatment of health conditions. 3. Early detection and treatment can reduce overall mortality rates at the population level. 4. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that population-level mortality has declined post-Medicaid expansion. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - Option B (In-hospital mortality has declined) does not directly connect Medicaid expansion to population-level mortality. - Option C (Long-term control of diabetes has improved) is not explicitly mentioned in the claim made by Allen and Summers. - Option D (None of the above) is incorrect as the claim specifically refers to a decline in population-level mortality.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because states can apply for waivers from the Department of Health and Human Services, allowing them to innovate and diverge from standard Medicaid rules. This flexibility enables states to experiment with different approaches to administering Medicaid, tailoring programs to their specific needs. Choice A is incorrect because the ACA did not shift all costs for Medicaid to states. Choice C is incorrect as the Supreme Court ruling did not directly impact states' ability to experiment with Medicaid administration. Choice D is incorrect as the constitution does not explicitly prioritize states' rights over federal authority in the context of Medicaid administration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for Correct Answer C: Todd and Erin are in the Medicaid coverage gap means they make too much for traditional Medicaid but not enough for ACA subsidies. This is because they fall within the income range where they do not qualify for Medicaid under its old rules but also do not have sufficient income to qualify for ACA subsidies to purchase insurance. This situation leaves them without affordable health insurance options. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A: This choice is incorrect because having a child that qualifies for CHIP does not guarantee Todd and Erin full Medicaid coverage for all medical expenses. B: This choice is incorrect as there is no age restriction on Medicaid coverage. Todd and Erin's Medicaid eligibility is determined by their income level, not their child's age. D: This choice is incorrect as it suggests that Todd and Erin can afford basic medical necessities but not emergency services, which is not related to being in the Medicaid coverage gap.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 37%. Medicaid funding is a shared responsibility between the federal government and individual states. The federal government sets minimum requirements, and each state determines the specifics of its program. The federal government matches state spending, with the federal share ranging from 50% to 78%. Therefore, the non-federal portion of Medicaid funding is the state's share, which varies by state but averages around 37%. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the typical non-federal funding percentage for Medicaid.