ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
2,3 DPG (Diphospho glycerate) is an important molecule that competes for Oxygen binding sites of Hemoglobin. It is present in
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Erythrocytes. 2,3 DPG is a molecule found inside red blood cells (erythrocytes) that helps in regulating the oxygen binding capacity of hemoglobin. It competes for oxygen binding sites and helps in the release of oxygen to tissues. Choice A (Blood Plasma) is incorrect because 2,3 DPG is not found freely circulating in the blood plasma. Choice C (Leucocytes) is incorrect as 2,3 DPG is not primarily found in white blood cells. Choice D (Blood of lungs) is incorrect as 2,3 DPG is mainly located within red blood cells and not in the blood present in the lungs.
Question 2 of 5
A medical nurse has admitted a patient to the unit with a diagnosis of failure to thrive. The patient has developed a fever and cough, so a sputum specimen has been obtained. The nurse notes that the sputum is greenish and that there is a large quantity of it. The nurse notifies the patient's physician because these symptoms are suggestive of what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Infection. The greenish color and large quantity of sputum suggest an infection in the lungs, typically caused by bacteria. Greenish sputum is often a sign of bacterial pneumonia. Fever and cough are common symptoms of a lung infection, along with increased sputum production. Pneumothorax (A) is characterized by a collapsed lung and does not typically present with greenish sputum. Lung tumors (B) may cause cough and sputum production, but the color of the sputum is not specific to tumors. Pulmonary edema (D) is a condition where fluid accumulates in the lungs, leading to shortness of breath and pink, frothy sputum, not greenish sputum.
Question 3 of 5
A patient on the medical unit has told the nurse that he is experiencing significant dyspnea, despite that he has not recently performed any physical activity. What assessment question should the nurse ask the patient while preparing to perform a physical assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): 1. Assessing the severity of dyspnea is crucial for determining the urgency of intervention. 2. By asking for a rating on a scale from 1 to 10, the nurse can quantify the level of distress the patient is experiencing. 3. This allows for a more objective assessment and helps in determining appropriate interventions. 4. Monitoring changes in the severity of dyspnea over time can also guide treatment effectiveness. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B. Asking about the last time the patient ate or drank is important for assessing possible contributing factors to dyspnea, but it does not directly address the immediate severity of the symptom. C. Inquiring about nausea is relevant for a more comprehensive assessment, but it does not directly address the severity of dyspnea. D. Asking about the potential need for medication is important, but it does not directly address the current level of dyspnea and may not be the immediate priority.
Question 4 of 5
Which muscle(s) produce(s) the movement labeled '1'?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: external intercostals. These muscles are responsible for elevating the ribcage during inhalation, which corresponds to the movement labeled '1'. The rectus abdominis (A) is involved in trunk flexion, internal intercostals (B) aid in forced exhalation, and the diaphragm (D) primarily assists in inhalation by moving downward to increase thoracic cavity volume. Therefore, the external intercostals are the correct choice for the specific movement indicated in the question.
Question 5 of 5
Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: bicarbonate ions. Carbon dioxide in the blood mainly combines with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions. The majority of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as bicarbonate ions. This process occurs in red blood cells via the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Choices A and D are incorrect as carbon dioxide mainly combines with water and does not remain as a solute in plasma or cytoplasm. Choice B, carbaminohemoglobin, is a minor way carbon dioxide is transported, where a small amount binds to hemoglobin, but the majority is transported as bicarbonate ions.