. Which of the following laboratory test results would suggest to the nurse that a client has a corticotrophin- secreting pituitary adenoma?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A corticotrophin-secreting pituitary adenoma, also known as Cushing's disease, results in an overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). This excess corticotropin stimulates the adrenal glands to produce increased levels of cortisol. Therefore, a client with a corticotrophin-secreting pituitary adenoma would typically exhibit high levels of both corticotropin and cortisol. Option B is the correct choice, as it indicates elevated levels of both hormones, suggesting the presence of a corticotrophin-secreting pituitary adenoma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When an adult is on a clear liquid diet, foods that are easy to digest and leave little residue in the gastrointestinal tract are recommended. Clear liquids include water, broth, fruit juices without pulp, and gelatin desserts like Jello. Jello is a good option because it is easily digestible, does not leave residue, and provides some calories and hydration. Milk, orange juice, and ice cream should be avoided on a clear liquid diet as they are not considered clear liquids and may not be as easily digestible.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Providing new information slowly and in small amounts to a confused individual, like Mr. Reyes, is important because confusion or delirium can be a defense mechanism against further stress. By giving information gradually, it allows the individual to better absorb and process the information without becoming overwhelmed, which can further exacerbate their confusion. This approach also helps reduce the risk of causing additional stress or agitation in the individual, thus promoting a more conducive environment for cognitive processing and understanding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of Mr. Dela Isla, who suffered a CVA, one of the most important discharge teachings would be drug compliance. Following a stroke, patients are often prescribed medications to help manage their condition and reduce the risk of further complications. It is crucial for Mr. Dela Isla to understand the importance of taking his medications as prescribed by his healthcare provider. Non-compliance with medication regimens can have serious consequences and may increase the likelihood of recurrent strokes or other health issues. Therefore, ensuring that Mr. Dela Isla understands the purpose of his medications, how to take them correctly, and the potential side effects is essential for his recovery and ongoing health management. While emergency numbers, relaxation techniques, and dietary prescriptions are important aspects of care, ensuring drug compliance is critical for the immediate and long-term well-being of a patient who has experienced a stroke.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct action that demonstrates understanding of standard precautions is wearing gloves during all client contact. Standard precautions are designed to prevent the transmission of infectious agents from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection. Wearing gloves during client contact helps protect both the patient and the healthcare worker from potential infection transmission through contact with bodily fluids, skin, mucous membranes, and non-intact skin. Cleaning blood spills with soap and water is also part of standard precautions to prevent the spread of infection. However, pouring bulk blood and other secretions down a drain connected to a sanitary sewer and carrying a blood sample to the lab in an open basket do not align with standard precautions and could pose infection control risks.