Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Infiltration Rationale: 1. Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissues, causing edema. 2. Documenting infiltration is important for appropriate management. 3. Air emboli, phlebitis, and fluid overload are unrelated to edema around IV site. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Air emboli: This is a serious condition caused by air entering the bloodstream, not related to edema. B. Phlebitis: Inflammation of the vein, usually presenting with redness and pain, not edema. D. Fluid overload: Excess fluid volume in the body, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath, not edema.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because considering potential effects on the patient's mobility is crucial when selecting a site for IV insertion. Mobility can be affected if the IV is placed in a joint area or on the dominant hand. This could limit the patient's ability to move freely during and after the procedure. Therefore, it is important to choose a site that will not hinder the patient's movement. A: Choosing a hairless site is not the most important factor when selecting a site for IV insertion. C: Having the patient hold his arm over his head before insertion is not necessary and may cause discomfort for the patient. D: Leaving the tourniquet on for at least 3 minutes is not recommended as it can lead to complications such as venous stasis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The man's elevated heart rate, anxiety, and low urine output indicate a sympathetic reaction. This reaction stimulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to decreased urine output. The sympathetic response triggers the release of renin, which activates angiotensin II and aldosterone, causing vasoconstriction and water reabsorption in the kidneys, ultimately reducing urine output. Choice A is incorrect because low urine output is not solely due to urinating before arrival. Choice B is incorrect as there is no indication of traumatic brain injury or ADH deficiency. Choice C is incorrect as atrial natriuretic peptide in heart failure typically increases urine output.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bananas. Bananas are a good source of potassium, with around 400-500 mg per banana. Potassium is essential for maintaining proper muscle function, nerve signaling, and fluid balance in the body. Increasing dietary intake of potassium can help address a slight decrease in potassium levels without the need for drug therapy. Apples, asparagus, and carrots are not as high in potassium as bananas, making them less effective choices for addressing a potassium deficiency.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet. This step helps protect the client's skin by providing a barrier between the tourniquet and the skin, reducing the risk of skin irritation or damage. Lowering the extremity below the heart (A) can increase venous pressure and make it harder to insert the catheter. Warm compresses (B) can dilate blood vessels and increase the risk of bruising. Tapping the skin lightly (C) can irritate the skin and is unnecessary for skin protection.