ATI RN
RN ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the expected pharmacological action of propranolol?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker, which means it blocks the stimulation of both beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors. By blocking beta1 receptors in the heart, propranolol reduces heart rate and contractility, helping to lower blood pressure and decrease the heart's workload. Blocking beta2 receptors in the lungs may cause some constriction of the airways, so caution is required in patients with respiratory conditions.
Question 2 of 5
Which pain theory is based on the existence of a specific pain system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The specificity theory of pain proposes that there is a specific pain system in the body that is responsible for detecting and transmitting pain signals. According to this theory, specific pain receptors exist that are sensitive only to pain stimuli and are separate from other sensory receptors for touch, temperature, or pressure. When tissue damage or injury occurs, these pain receptors are activated, and they send signals through specific pain pathways to the brain, resulting in the sensation of pain. The specificity theory suggests that pain is a distinct sensory modality with its own dedicated system, separate from other sensory modalities.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of HF presents to the emergency department with difficulty breathing, cough, and edema of the lower extremities. The nurse anticipates administration of which type of medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A patient with a history of heart failure (HF) presenting with difficulty breathing, cough, and lower extremity edema is likely experiencing decompensated HF, which is characterized by a decrease in cardiac output and inadequate tissue perfusion. Positive inotropes are medications that increase cardiac contractility, helping to improve the heart's pumping ability. By administering a positive inotrope, such as dobutamine or milrinone, the nurse can help enhance the heart's contractility, increase cardiac output, and improve overall tissue perfusion in the patient with decompensated HF. This can help alleviate symptoms such as difficulty breathing and edema in the lower extremities.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse noted a patient's heart rate decreasing from 45 to 38 while administering atropine 0.3 mg IV. What is the most likely explanation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atropine is a parasympatholytic drug that blocks the action of the vagus nerve on the heart, typically increasing heart rate. However, in rare cases, atropine can cause an initial paradoxical slowing of the heart rate before the expected increase. This occurs because atropine may initially stimulate the vagus nerve at low doses before blocking its effects. The dose of 0.3 mg IV is relatively low, which could explain this phenomenon. The other options are incorrect because atropine does not stimulate the vagus nerve (A), the dose is not necessarily too low (B), and adenosine is not indicated for bradycardia (C).
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a history of malaria who is being treated with chloroquine is in the clinic for a follow-up visit. What should the nurse advise the patient to do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chloroquine can cause retinopathy, so patients should be advised to report any visual changes promptly. Taking the medication with milk is not necessary. Sunlight avoidance is not specifically required for chloroquine, though it may cause photosensitivity in some patients. Increasing fluid intake is not a specific recommendation for chloroquine use.