ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Furosemide (Lasix) is prescribed for a patient who is about to be discharged, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic that helps the body to remove excess salt and water, which can be useful in conditions like congestive heart failure, liver disease, or kidney disorders. The correct statement by the nurse is to "Be sure to change positions slowly and rise slowly after sitting or lying so as to prevent dizziness and possible fainting because of blood pressure changes." This instruction is important because diuretics like furosemide can cause changes in blood pressure, leading to dizziness and fainting when standing up quickly. By changing positions slowly, the patient can minimize the risk of experiencing these symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
Select all when taking Iron Supplements.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. It is recommended to take iron supplements one hour before or two hours after a meal because food can interfere with the absorption of iron. By taking it on an empty stomach or away from meals, the body can absorb the iron more effectively.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is doing preconception counseling with a patient. The patient asks why she must take folic acid (folate) during pregnancy. What is the nurse's response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Folic acid is essential during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, in the developing fetus. It does not lower blood glucose (
B), prevent celiac disease (
C), or prevent migraines (
D). Adequate folic acid intake is critical before and during early pregnancy.
Question 4 of 5
It is a measure of drug activity in terms of the amount required to produce an effect.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potency refers to the measure of drug activity in terms of the amount required to produce a particular effect. It is the strength or concentration of a drug that is needed to produce a specific effect. Potency is often expressed as the dose of a drug required to produce a certain response compared to a standard reference dose. It is an essential consideration in pharmacology as it helps determine the appropriate dosage needed for therapeutic effects and to avoid potential toxicity. Potency is distinct from efficacy, which is the ability of a drug to produce a desired effect regardless of the dose.
Question 5 of 5
Enrique who is under chemotherapy has the following CBC results: WBC 5000/mm3, RBC platelet 10,000/mm3. Which of the following is he at risk for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A platelet count of 10,000/mm3 is critically low and places Enrique at significant risk for bleeding. Platelets are essential for blood clotting, and levels below 20,000/mm3 can lead to spontaneous bleeding, such as nosebleeds, gum bleeding, or internal hemorrhage. While a WBC count of 5000/mm3 is within the normal range, reducing the risk of infection, the extremely low platelet count is the primary concern. Angina is unrelated to platelet counts.
Therefore, bleeding is the most immediate risk for Enrique.