ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with coronary artery disease asks the nurse about the good cholesterol laboratory values. The nurse knows that good cholesterol refers to which lipids?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are often referred to as the "good cholesterol" because they help remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream back to the liver for processing and excretion. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a reduced risk of coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular diseases. A higher HDL level is considered beneficial for heart health, while lower levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Monitoring HDL cholesterol levels is important in the management of coronary artery disease and assessing cardiovascular risk.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been receiving intravenous heparin. When laboratory tests are drawn, the nurse has difficulty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient is displaying signs and symptoms that are suggestive of potential heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a serious adverse effect of heparin therapy. Bloody stools and abdominal pain can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, which can occur as a complication of heparin therapy. Elevated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) can also be seen in the setting of HIT.
Question 3 of 5
The following drug may be used safely in pregnancy:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine carries teratogenic risks (e.g., neural tube defects), making it unsafe in pregnancy. Digoxin is safe, used for fetal arrhythmias or maternal heart conditions, with no major congenital risks, a true statement. Streptomycin causes ototoxicity in the fetus, and methotrexate, a folate antagonist, is highly teratogenic, both unsafe. Propylthiouracil is also safe but not listed here correctly per the key. Digoxin's safety profile in pregnancy makes it a preferred option for cardiac issues, balancing maternal and fetal needs.
Question 4 of 5
A 69-year-old man with exercise-induced angina presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. The angina is worsening and is now present at rest. The patient is not taking any medications. Isosorbide dinitrate sublingual is prescribed for the patient. Which of the following interactions must the physician warn this patient about?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate, a nitrate, treats angina by dilating vessels, but its interaction with sildenafil causes severe hypotension. Both enhance cGMP, leading to profound vasodilation, a life-threatening risk. Cold extremities or hot extremities may occur as minor effects but aren't primary concerns. Tinnitus and vertigo (E) aren't linked. Given his age and potential for erectile dysfunction treatment, warning about sildenafil is critical. Nitrates' rapid action relieves rest angina, but this interaction demands patient education to prevent catastrophic blood pressure drops, distinguishing it from less severe side effects.
Question 5 of 5
Prescription only medicines are included in :
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescription-only medicines are included in Schedule IV of the Controlled Substances Act. Schedule IV controlled substances have a lower potential for abuse compared to drugs in Schedules I, II, and III. These prescription medications still require a prescription from a healthcare provider, but they have a lower potential for abuse and addiction, which allows them to be categorized in Schedule IV. Examples of Schedule IV substances include certain tranquilizers and sedatives like Xanax and Valium.