Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because fixating on an object at 2 weeks is within the expected developmental range. Infants typically develop the ability to follow objects later on.
Choice B is incorrect as absence of following light doesn't indicate blindness.
Choice C is unnecessary and premature.
Choice D is incorrect as the ability to follow objects typically develops around 6-8 weeks.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: filter out dust and bacteria. The ciliated mucous membrane in the nose traps dust and bacteria present in the inhaled air through the mucus layer and then moves them towards the throat to be swallowed or expelled. This helps in protecting the respiratory system from harmful particles.
Choice A is incorrect as the warming of inhaled air is primarily done by the nasal passages and sinuses, not the ciliated mucous membrane.
Choice C is incorrect because the filtering of coarse particles is also done by the nasal hairs and the mucous membrane working together, not just the ciliated mucous membrane alone.
Choice D is incorrect as the movement of air through the nares is mainly controlled by the size of the nostrils and is not the primary function of the ciliated mucous membrane.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: lichenification. Lichenification is the thickening and hardening of the skin due to chronic scratching or rubbing. In this case, the patient's continuous scratching has led to lichenification. The term "terrible itch" indicates a persistent and severe itching sensation, which aligns with the chronic scratching behavior.

Choices A, B, and C are not correct because a keloid is an overgrowth of scar tissue, a fissure is a small cut or crack in the skin, and keratosis is the thickening of the outer layer of the skin. These conditions are not directly related to chronic scratching behavior.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Correct Answer: B


Rationale:
1. Bluish lips indicate cyanosis, a sign of inadequate oxygen supply.
2. Dark line along gingival margin suggests lead poisoning.
3. The nurse should assess for other signs of inadequate oxygen supply to determine the severity and underlying cause.
4. This finding is not normal and requires further evaluation to prevent complications.

Summary:
A: Checking hemoglobin for anemia is not the immediate priority when cyanosis and lead poisoning are suspected.
C: Assuming this is a normal finding can lead to overlooking a potentially serious condition.
D: Carbon monoxide exposure could be a consideration, but assessing for overall oxygen supply is more crucial in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rheumatic fever.
Rheumatic fever is a possible complication of untreated strep throat due to an abnormal immune response to the streptococcal infection. This can lead to inflammation in various parts of the body, particularly the heart, joints, skin, and brain. If left untreated, rheumatic fever can cause serious long-term damage to the heart valves.
The other choices are incorrect because Rubella is a viral infection causing a rash, Leukoplakia is a precancerous condition of the mouth, and Scarlet fever is a bacterial infection characterized by a red rash. These conditions are not directly associated with untreated strep throat.