ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has taught the client with osteoporosis about how to manage the illness. Which statement by the client indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium at bedtime risks poor absorption-meals optimize it, per pharmacokinetics-needing correction. Alcohol avoidance, walking (weight-bearing), and milk (calcium) aid osteoporosis. Bedtime timing misstep shows gaps, per education.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a post-renal transplantation client taking cyclosporine (Neoral). The nurse observes an elevation in one of the client's vital signs and the client is complaining of sweating and
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant medication commonly used in post-renal transplantation clients to prevent organ rejection. One of the common side effects of cyclosporine is hypertension, which can lead to an elevation in pulse rate. The increase in pulse rate is a compensatory mechanism by the body in response to increased blood pressure. Additionally, sweating can also be a side effect of cyclosporine, adding to the client's discomfort. Therefore, when a nurse observes an elevation in pulse rate along with sweating in a post-renal transplantation client taking cyclosporine, it is important to monitor closely for signs of hypertension and assess the need for further evaluation or intervention.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs is most useful for the treatment of absence seizures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lamotrigine, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic, treats absence seizures by stabilizing sodium channels and inhibiting glutamate release, though less specific than ethosuximide. Topiramate and levetiracetam manage multiple seizure types but aren't first-line for absence. Tiagabine, a GABA reuptake inhibitor, may worsen absence seizures. Zonisamide has broad efficacy but less absence focus. While ethosuximide is gold standard, lamotrigine's utility in absence, especially in mixed epilepsies, and clinical evidence make it the most useful here among options.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has just received a prescription for an enteric-coated stool softener. When teaching the patient, the nurse should include which statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enteric-coated medications are designed to resist dissolution in the stomach and release the active ingredient in the intestines. Chewing or crushing the tablet can compromise the coating, leading to premature drug release and potential irritation of the stomach lining. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the patient to swallow the tablet whole without chewing. Taking the tablet with orange juice or avoiding other medications is not necessary, and crushing the tablet is contraindicated. Proper administration ensures the medication's effectiveness and minimizes the risk of adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing new medication orders for a patient who has an epidural catheter for pain relief. One of the orders is for enoxaparin (Lovenox), a low“molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). What is the nurse™s priority action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The priority action for the nurse in this situation is to contact the prescriber because the administration of LMWH (such as enoxaparin) is contraindicated in patients with epidural catheters due to the increased risk of spinal or epidural hematoma formation. Spinal or epidural hematoma can lead to serious neurologic complications, including paralysis. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to verify the order with the prescriber and explore alternative anticoagulant options that are safe to use in patients with epidural catheters. Giving the LMWH as ordered without addressing this contraindication could result in harm to the patient.