ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with bipolar disorder is prescribed lithium carbonate. Which symptom should the nurse teach the client to report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lithium stabilizes mood but risks toxicity (e.g., >1.5 mEq/L), causing tremors , a neurologic sign needing reporting to adjust dosing or check levels. Thirst and weight gain are common, manageable. Nausea occurs but is less urgent unless severe. Tremors indicate potential overdose, critical in bipolar disorder where narrow therapeutic range demands vigilance, making C the key symptom to report.
Question 2 of 5
A 13-year-old female presents with 3 months of easy bruisability and bone pain. Complete blood count shows extreme leukocytosis. She is diagnosed with ALL and begins a chemotherapy regimen. One of her chemotherapeutic drugs is cyclophosphamide. What should also be given to avoid a potentially serious side effect of cyclophosphamide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cyclophosphamide in ALL risks hemorrhagic cystitis from acrolein, a toxic metabolite. Mesna binds acrolein, preventing bladder damage. Methylene blue , N-acetylcysteine , Ibuprofen , and Succimer (E) don't address this. Mesna's specificity ensures safe chemotherapy, critical in this young patient.
Question 3 of 5
Louie, who is to receive a blood transfusion asks the nurse what is the most common type of infection he could receive from the transfusion. The nurse teaches him that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients contract:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis B infection is the most common serious infection that patients can contract from a blood transfusion. It is estimated that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients receiving a blood transfusion may contract Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Blood banks and healthcare facilities have strict screening and testing procedures in place to minimize the risk of transmitting Hepatitis B through blood transfusions. It is important for patients to be aware of this risk and to follow up with their healthcare provider if they experience any symptoms of Hepatitis B after a blood transfusion.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drugs is most useful for the treatment of absence seizures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lamotrigine, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic, treats absence seizures by stabilizing sodium channels and inhibiting glutamate release, though less specific than ethosuximide. Topiramate and levetiracetam manage multiple seizure types but aren't first-line for absence. Tiagabine, a GABA reuptake inhibitor, may worsen absence seizures. Zonisamide has broad efficacy but less absence focus. While ethosuximide is gold standard, lamotrigine's utility in absence, especially in mixed epilepsies, and clinical evidence make it the most useful here among options.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing new medication orders for a patient who has an epidural catheter for pain relief. One of the orders is for enoxaparin (Lovenox), a low“molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). What is the nurse™s priority action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The priority action for the nurse in this situation is to contact the prescriber because the administration of LMWH (such as enoxaparin) is contraindicated in patients with epidural catheters due to the increased risk of spinal or epidural hematoma formation. Spinal or epidural hematoma can lead to serious neurologic complications, including paralysis. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to verify the order with the prescriber and explore alternative anticoagulant options that are safe to use in patients with epidural catheters. Giving the LMWH as ordered without addressing this contraindication could result in harm to the patient.