ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Epinephrine added to a solution of lidocaine for a peripheral nerve block will
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine causes vasoconstriction, reducing systemic absorption and prolonging the duration of the local anesthetic effect.
Question 2 of 5
A 72-year-old man is brought to his physician by his son. The son complains that this patient has been becoming forgetful, confused, moody, and aggressive over the past few months. One drug that may be used to treat this patient's symptoms is donepezil. Which of the following describes an effect of donepezil?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, increases synaptic acetylcholine levels by preventing its breakdown, improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease.
Question 3 of 5
Corticosteroids are used in treatment of the following conditions EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corticosteroids treat anaphylaxis (choice A), transplantation (choice B), and osteoarthritis (choice C) via anti-inflammatory effects. Hypertension (choice D) is a side effect, not an indication, making it the exception. This clarifies therapeutic scope.
Question 4 of 5
A 38-year-old woman presents to the ophthalmologist for a routine eye examination. She is given intraocular pilocarpine. She was supposed to be administered two drops in each to dilate the eyes for the examination. Unfortunately, the eyedrops were administered by a new technician who inadvertently administered 10 drops of pilocarpine in each eye. Which of the following agents should be immediately given to the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine, an anticholinergic agent, can counteract the effects of excessive pilocarpine, which is a cholinergic agonist, by blocking muscarinic receptors.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following molecular actions in the enteric nervous system most likely mediated the adverse effect of the drug in the 54-year-old woman?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The drug causing diarrhea in the woman is most likely paroxetine, which increases serotonergic activity in the enteric nervous system, leading to the adverse effect of diarrhea.