ATI RN
Pharmacology Final ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 65-year-old man with end-stage renal disease because of diabetes recently underwent a renal transplant. He has been responding well to the transplant and his creatinine has stabilized around 2.1 mg/dL. He was placed on immunosuppressive therapy with muromonab. What is the mechanism of action of muromonab?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muromonab (OKT3) prevents transplant rejection by binding CD3 on T cells . This depletes and inactivates T cells. FK-binding , IL-2 receptor , mTOR , and calcineurin (E) are other drugs' mechanisms. CD3 targeting ensures immunosuppression in this patient.
Question 2 of 5
In what patient is propranolol (Inderal) contraindicated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-adrenergic blocking agents are contraindicated in patients with bradycardia, heart failure, and heart block. The drug would not be contraindicated in the other patients. The nurse should assess the patient’s medical history and contraindications before administering propranolol to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Question 3 of 5
The patient receives imipramine (Tofranil) as treatment for depression. He is admitted to the emergency department following an intentional overdose of this medication. What will the priority assessment by the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, is cardiotoxic in overdose, causing dysrhythmias (e.g., widened QRS) due to sodium channel blockade. The priority assessment is cardiac status to detect life-threatening arrhythmias, guiding urgent interventions like sodium bicarbonate. Liver and renal effects are secondary in acute overdose. Neurological issues like seizures occur but are less immediately lethal than cardiac collapse. The nurse focuses on cardiac monitoring, aligning with toxicology priorities, making A the critical assessment.
Question 4 of 5
A patient on diuretic therapy calls the clinic because he™s had the flu, with terrible vomiting and
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement by the nurse is, "It™s important to try to stay on your prescribed medication. Try to take it with sips of water." It is important to continue taking diuretic therapy as prescribed, even if the patient has been vomiting. Taking the medication with small sips of water can help ensure hydration and absorption of the medication. Discontinuing the diuretic abruptly can lead to fluid retention and exacerbation of the patient's condition. It's best to ensure proper hydration and medication adherence while also seeking proper medical advice if needed.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is working with a graduate nurse to prepare an intravenous dose of potassium. Which statement by the graduate nurse reflects a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement "The intravenous potassium dose will be given undiluted" reflects a need for further teaching. Potassium should always be diluted before administration to prevent irritation of the veins and potential adverse effects, such as phlebitis or tissue damage. Diluting the medication helps to reduce the risk of complications, making it safer for the patient. Therefore, the correct approach is to dilute intravenous potassium before administering it to the patient.