ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 19-year-old man who is a known heroin addict is brought to the emergency department because of an apparent overdose. The reason why addicts enjoy heroin is because of its conversion to which of the following substances?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heroin's appeal comes from its metabolism to morphine , which activates μ-opioid receptors for euphoria. Dopamine , epinephrine , norepinephrine , and serotonin (E) aren't direct products. Morphine's potency drives addiction in this overdose case.
Question 2 of 5
Which assessment finding, by the nurse, is a priority concern when a client receives pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pseudoephedrine, an oral decongestant, stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors, potentially causing cardiovascular effects like dysrhythmias due to its sympathomimetic action. An irregular heart rate of 82 is a priority concern, signaling possible arrhythmia, which could escalate to serious cardiac events, requiring immediate reporting. A mild fever or elevated respiratory rate could relate to the underlying condition (e.g., infection) rather than the drug. Dry mouth is a common, benign side effect. The nurse focuses on the irregular pulse as it aligns with pseudoephedrine's known risk of dysrhythmias, especially in susceptible patients, making choice C the most urgent finding to address.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a new prescription for a HMG-CoA (statin) drug is instructed to take the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse's best response is D: "This timeframe correlates better with the natural diurnal rhythm of cholesterol production." This explanation is accurate and helps the patient understand the rationale behind the timing of taking the HMG-CoA (statin) drug. Cholesterol production in the body typically follows a natural diurnal rhythm, with cholesterol synthesis peaking during the night. By taking the statin medication in the evening, it aligns with the body's cholesterol production pattern, making it more effective in reducing cholesterol levels. This explanation supports the patient's understanding of the importance of timing in maximizing the medication's effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent client will receive Depo-Provera as a method of birth control. She asks the nurse how long the drug will be effective. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Depo-Provera lasts 3 months , inhibiting ovulation via progestin. Two months underestimates, six months and one year overestimate. D provides accurate timing, ensuring adherence, making it the best response.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) for depression. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluoxetine, an SSRI, treats depression but interacts with alcohol, worsening sedation or mood , indicating a teaching gap'clients must avoid it. Feeling better in weeks aligns with SSRI onset. Reporting suicidal thoughts is critical due to early risk. Morning dosing prevents insomnia. Drinking wine risks treatment failure or safety issues, critical in depression where stability is fragile. Further teaching must clarify this interaction, ensuring fluoxetine's efficacy and client well-being, making B the statement needing correction.