ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What decreases the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors decrease the renin angiotensin aldosterone system by blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and lower aldosterone secretion. This leads to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced retention of sodium and water. Consequently, ACE inhibitors are commonly used in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications works to lessen the loss of potassium a while at the same time acting as a diuretic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means that it helps lessen the loss of potassium from the body while still acting as a diuretic. This medication works by blocking the actions of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes the retention of sodium and water in the body, which can lead to potassium loss. Spironolactone helps to increase potassium levels in the body, making it a suitable choice for patients who are at risk of or experiencing low potassium levels while needing diuretic therapy. Options A, C, and D are not potassium-sparing diuretics, and they do not specifically help in lessening the loss of potassium from the body.
Question 3 of 5
Basic component of a blood clot
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Platelets are the basic component of a blood clot. When there is an injury to a blood vessel, platelets are activated and aggregate at the site to form a plug, which is the first step in the clotting process. Platelets release chemicals that further promote clot formation, eventually leading to the formation of a stable blood clot. While fibrin, thrombin, thromboxane, and ADP are also involved in the clotting process, platelets play a central role in the initial formation of a blood clot.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is described as the route of drug administration where the drug is placed directly into the GIT from where absorption occurs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enteral drug administration is the route where the drug is placed directly into the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), such as through the mouth (oral administration) or through a feeding tube. Once administered, the drug is absorbed through the walls of the GI tract into the bloodstream for systemic distribution. This is in contrast to parenteral routes where drugs are administered by methods other than through the digestive system, such as injections, inhalation, or topical application. Intravenous (IV) administration, specifically mentioned in the question, is a type of parenteral route where drugs are injected directly into a vein for rapid and complete systemic distribution.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is taking levofloxacin. What does the nurse know to be true regarding this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic available in both oral and intravenous forms. It is not classified as an aminoglycoside. A well-documented adverse effect of fluoroquinolones is tendon rupture, particularly in older adults and those on corticosteroid therapy. Hypertension is not a common side effect of levofloxacin. Patients should be advised to report any tendon pain or swelling immediately.