ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Trichloroethanol is the active metabolite of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chloral hydrate (choice D) is metabolized to trichloroethanol, which depresses the CNS, inducing sedation. Morphine (choice A) metabolizes to active compounds like morphine-6-glucuronide, not trichloroethanol. Clorazepate (choice B) becomes desmethyldiazepam, a benzodiazepine. Phenobarbitone (choice C) is a barbiturate, not metabolized to trichloroethanol. This identifies Chloral hydrate's metabolic pathway, key for its hypnotic use.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic that inhibits Na+ channels in the distal tubule reducing K+ loss.
Question 3 of 5
A 54-year-old woman suffering from initial insomnia was prescribed a hypnotic drug that increases the activity of a major neurotransmitter system in the brain. Which of the following neurotransmitter systems was most likely involved in the therapeutic action of that drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the treatment of insomnia, drugs that enhance GABAergic activity are commonly prescribed as they help promote relaxation and sleep. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and increasing its activity can lead to sedative effects, making it a likely target for a hypnotic drug.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following has minimal anti-inflammatory action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor with no significant anti-inflammatory action.
Question 5 of 5
A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents after being stung by a bee. The parents say that he is allergic to bee stings, and the patient is having great difficulty breathing. Epinephrine is administered immediately. His symptoms improve as molecules of epinephrine bind to β\(_2\)-receptors in bronchial smooth muscle. Which of the following describes a feature of β\(_2\)-receptors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: β\(_2\)-adrenergic receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors that have seven transmembrane domains, which is a characteristic feature of this receptor family.