The student nurse asks the nursing instructor why he needs to take anatomy and physiology, as well as microbiology, when he only wants to learn about pharmacology. What is the best response by the instructor?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anatomy, physiology, and microbiology underpin pharmacology, enabling nurses to grasp drug actions and patient responses, enhancing care through informed medication use. As an outgrowth oversimplifies their integration. Curriculum mandates explain requirements, not value. Understanding is key, but applying it to care-like knowing antibiotic targets or drug effects on organs-grounds pharmacology in practice, making it the best rationale.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Furosemide belongs to the class of drugs known as loop diuretics. These diuretics act on the thick ascending loop of Henle in the kidney to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urine production and subsequent fluid loss. Loop diuretics are commonly used to treat conditions such as heart failure, hypertension, and edema. Furosemide is a widely prescribed loop diuretic known for its potent diuretic effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lithium is a medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. One of the major side effects of lithium therapy is the risk of developing seizures, especially when the blood level of lithium becomes too high (lithium toxicity). Therefore, it is crucial to monitor patients on lithium therapy for signs of seizures, such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, or twitching. Monitoring lithium levels regularly and adjusting the dosage as needed can help reduce the risk of seizures in patients taking this medication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anatomy, physiology, and microbiology underpin pharmacology, enabling nurses to grasp drug actions and patient responses, enhancing care through informed medication use. As an outgrowth oversimplifies their integration. Curriculum mandates explain requirements, not value. Understanding is key, but applying it to care-like knowing antibiotic targets or drug effects on organs-grounds pharmacology in practice, making it the best rationale.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used as first-line therapy for hypertension due to their effectiveness, safety profile, and affordability. They work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to increased elimination of sodium and water, ultimately reducing blood volume and blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics are generally well-tolerated and have been shown to be effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, are more potent diuretics typically reserved for use in conditions where aggressive diuresis is needed, such as heart failure or renal disease. Osmotic diuretics, like mannitol, are primarily used for reducing intracranial pressure or preventing acute kidney injury. Potassium-sparing diuretics are often used in combination with other diuretics to prevent hypokalemia but are not typically used as