ATI RN
ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 75-year-old woman had a stroke approximately 1 month ago. She is continuing to have small focal seizures where she fails to respond appropriately while talking. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this individual?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levetiracetam treats post-stroke focal seizures by modulating SV2A, offering efficacy, minimal hepatic metabolism, and low interaction risk, ideal for an elderly patient with likely polypharmacy. Phenytoin, a sodium channel blocker, controls seizures but has nonlinear kinetics and P450 induction, risking toxicity. Oxcarbazepine, similar to carbamazepine, has hyponatremia risks, concerning in the elderly. Phenobarbital sedates and interacts via P450. Levetiracetam's safety, renal clearance, and effectiveness in stroke-related epilepsy, per guidelines, make it the most appropriate here.
Question 2 of 5
Kent, a new staff nurse asks her preceptor nurse how to obtain a blood sample from a patient with a
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct way to teach a new staff nurse to obtain a blood sample from a patient with a Portacath is to provide step-by-step instructions and demonstration. Using a Portacath requires specific knowledge and technique to prevent complications such as clot formation or infection. It is important for the preceptor nurse to properly guide and supervise the new staff nurse to ensure patient safety and accurate sample collection.
Question 3 of 5
A priority nursing assessment for a patient who is to receive an alpha- or beta-adrenergic blocking agent would be what?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most serious adverse effect would be severe bradycardia, so the nurse’s priority would be assessing the heart rate. If the patient were identified as having diabetes, then monitoring blood glucose levels would become important because these drugs can aggravate diabetes by blocking sympathetic response including masking the usual signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Respiratory rate could be impacted if the patient was identified as having a condition causing bronchospasm and diabetes because the combination could worsen both conditions. Measuring urine output should be part of the patient’s care, but it is not the priority assessment.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is performing a health history on a patient who is ordered to begin therapy with valproic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valproic acid is metabolized in the liver, and patients with liver disease may have impaired liver function, which can lead to reduced metabolism of the drug and potential toxicity. Therefore, a patient with a history of liver disease starting therapy with valproic acid would be a cause for concern for the nurse. Monitoring of liver function tests would be crucial in this patient population to ensure the medication is being safely metabolized.
Question 5 of 5
Dr. Smith orders a gram of human salt poor albumin product for a patient. The product is available in a 50-milliliter vial with a concentration of 25 percent. What dosage will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 25 percent albumin solution contains 25 grams of albumin per 100 milliliters. To administer 1 gram of albumin, the nurse would calculate the volume as follows: 1 gram ÷ 25 grams/100 milliliters = 4 milliliters. Therefore, the nurse will administer 4 milliliters of the 25 percent albumin solution to deliver the ordered dose of 1 gram. Using the entire vial or not using the product at all would be incorrect.