ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities of childhood ALL carries the highest risk of relapse despite intensive chemotherapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Philadelphia chromosome (t(9;22)) is associated with a high risk of relapse in ALL.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following instructions would Nurse Courtney include in a teaching plan that focuses on initial prevention for Sheri who is diagnosed with rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate instruction in a teaching plan focusing on initial prevention for Sheri, who is diagnosed with rheumatic fever, would be treating streptococcal throat infections with an antibiotic (Choice A). Rheumatic fever is often preceded by a group A streptococcal infection, such as strep throat. Prompt treatment of streptococcal infections with antibiotics can help prevent the development of rheumatic fever and its complications. Therefore, this instruction emphasizes the importance of treating the initial infection to prevent the occurrence of rheumatic fever in individuals like Sheri who are at risk. Choices B, C, and D are not specific to the initial prevention of rheumatic fever but may be more related to the management or treatment of established cases.
Question 3 of 5
As the nurse collects data on a patient, which of the following is a symptom that may be found that the patient with anaphylaxis may be experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of anaphylaxis, along with other signs such as difficulty breathing, chest tightness, coughing, and throat swelling. Wheezing is caused by the constriction of the airways due to the body's extreme immune response to the allergen, leading to difficulty in breathing and wheezing sounds during respiration. It is important for healthcare professionals to recognize wheezing as a symptom of anaphylaxis and respond promptly with appropriate interventions, such as administering epinephrine and providing respiratory support.
Question 4 of 5
Which is the primary treatment for hypoglycemia in newborns with feeding intolerance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborns with hypoglycemia and feeding intolerance typically require immediate treatment to rapidly raise their blood glucose levels. In such cases, the primary treatment is intravenous (IV) infusion of glucose because it provides a quick and direct source of glucose for the baby's body. IV glucose administration bypasses the need for digestion, making it the most effective way to increase blood sugar levels rapidly in newborns with feeding intolerance and hypoglycemia. It is crucial to monitor the baby's blood glucose levels closely during IV glucose infusion to ensure proper management.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has determined the rate of both the child's radial pulse and heart. What is the normal finding when comparing the two rates?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a normal healthy individual, the rate of the radial pulse (peripheral pulse) and the heart rate (apical pulse) should be the same. This is because each heartbeat should result in a corresponding pulse felt at the radial artery in the wrist. The pulse is generated by the heart's contraction and the subsequent ejection of blood into the arteries, causing a wave of pressure that can be felt as the pulse. Therefore, in a healthy individual, the radial pulse rate should match the heart rate. If there is a significant difference between the two rates, it may indicate a cardiovascular abnormality or other underlying health condition that warrants further investigation.