ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B Questions
Question 1 of 5
Oral decongestants differ from intranasal decongestants in that oral decongestants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral decongestants (e.g., pseudoephedrine) act systemically, vasoconstricting vessels beyond the nose, causing effects like hypertension , unlike intranasal decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline), which are localized but risk rebound congestion. Oral efficacy isn't inherently superior; it's slower. Rebound is nasal-specific. High efficacy is vague. Choice B highlights systemic impact, a key distinction nurses must recognize for safe administration.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs is likely to increase the plasma lithium concentration if co-prescribed to a patient on chronic lithium therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium levels rise with drugs reducing renal clearance or altering metabolism. St John's wort induces CYP enzymes, potentially lowering lithium (not renally metabolized). Ibuprofen, an NSAID, reduces renal lithium excretion by inhibiting prostaglandins, increasing plasma levels, a well-known interaction. Phenytoin induces metabolism but doesn't affect lithium's renal clearance. Haloperidol and sertraline have minimal pharmacokinetic impact on lithium. Ibuprofen's effect necessitates monitoring, as elevated lithium risks toxicity (e.g., tremor, confusion), critical in bipolar management.
Question 3 of 5
When administering Phenytoin you should monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administering Phenytoin, it is important to monitor all of the listed parameters - behavior, therapeutic blood levels, and for Steven Johnson syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
The health care provider is planning to discontinue a client's beta blocker. What instruction should the nurse give the client regarding the beta blocker?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to give the client regarding discontinuing a beta blocker is that it should NOT be abruptly stopped; the dose should be tapered down. Suddenly stopping a beta blocker can lead to rebound hypertension, angina, and even heart attack in some cases. Tapering down the dose helps the body adjust gradually and reduces the risk of adverse effects associated with abrupt discontinuation. It is important for the client to follow the healthcare provider's guidance on how to safely decrease the dose of the beta blocker.
Question 5 of 5
A 53-year-old man with chronic neuropathic back pain and depression is managed with amitriptyline. He has recently complained of urinary frequency and was given a prescription for Ditropan. He now complains of acute abdominal pain and is unable to pass flatus or bowel movement. What is the most likely explanation of this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amitriptyline and Ditropan (oxybutynin), both anticholinergics, risk paralytic ileus , stopping GI motility, causing pain and obstruction. Hepatitis , pancreatitis , overdose , and normalcy (E) don't fit. Combined anticholinergic effects explain this acute issue.