During the first two years of life, patients with

Question 1 of 5

During the first two years of life, patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia requiring rehospitalization are most likely to be diagnosed with:

A. electrolyte disturbances. B. immune deficiencies. C. pulmonary hypertension. D. respiratory tract infections.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Respiratory tract infections are a common cause of rehospitalization in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia due to their compromised lung function.

Question 2 of 5

Constellation of aniridia and hemihypertrophy is strongly associated with increased risk of which of the following tumors?

A. rhabdomyosarcoma B. hepatoblastoma C. Wilms tumor D. medulloblastoma

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aniridia and hemihypertrophy are features of WAGR syndrome, which increases the risk of Wilms tumor.

Question 3 of 5

Extraneural metastasis from primary brain tumors is MOST commonly likely to occur in which tumor?

A. medulloblastoma B. primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) C. ependymoma D. malignant glioma

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Medulloblastoma is notorious for extraneural spread, particularly to bones and bone marrow.

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate method to decrease the incidence of PONV?

A. Preoperative fasting B. Hydration using ketorolac C. Glucose supplementation D. Prophylactic use of ondansetron

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ketorolac can increase the risk of bleeding and is not typically used to reduce PONV.

Question 5 of 5

Children with ALL who carry poor outcome include all the following EXCEPT

A. age younger than 1 year and older than 10 year B. T-cell immunophenotype C. hyperdiploidy chromosomal abnormality D. initial leukocyte count of > 50,000

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hyperdiploidy is generally associated with a favorable prognosis in ALL, unlike other listed factors.