ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
In an individual with Sjogren’s syndrome, nursing care should focus on:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moisture replacement. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the moisture-producing glands, leading to dryness in the eyes, mouth, and other mucous membranes. Nursing care should focus on managing these symptoms by providing moisture replacement through artificial tears, lubricating eye drops, and hydrating mouthwashes. This helps prevent complications such as corneal damage and dental issues. Nutritional supplementation (B) may be needed if there are difficulties in eating due to dry mouth, but it is not the primary focus. Electrolyte balance (C) and arrhythmia management (D) are not directly related to the symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome and are therefore not the main priorities in nursing care for this condition.
Question 2 of 9
The most effective pharmacologic agent for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Levodopa. Levodopa is the most effective pharmacologic agent for Parkinson's disease as it is converted to dopamine in the brain, replenishing dopamine levels which are depleted in Parkinson's. Selegiline and Symmetrel provide symptomatic relief but are not as effective as Levodopa. Permax is not commonly used due to its association with serious side effects like heart valve damage.
Question 3 of 9
A client with ascites has a paracentesis, and 1500 ml of fluid is removed. Immediately following the procedure it is most important for the nurse to observe for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A rapid, thready pulse. After paracentesis, rapid removal of ascitic fluid can lead to a decrease in intravascular volume, causing hypovolemia and subsequent compensatory mechanisms like tachycardia (rapid pulse). This is a crucial sign that the nurse should monitor for early detection of hypovolemia. B: Decreased peristalsis is not directly related to paracentesis and is not an immediate concern post-procedure. C: Respiratory congestion is not a common complication of paracentesis and is not the most immediate concern. D: An increased temperature is not a typical response to paracentesis and is not a priority observation post-procedure.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse has entered a client’s room to find the client diaphoretic (sweat-covered) and shivering, inferring that the client has a fever. How should the nurse best follow up this cue and inference?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Assess the client's vital signs to confirm presence of fever. Step 2: Measure client's oral temperature to obtain accurate reading. Step 3: Document temperature and report findings to healthcare provider. Step 4: Initiate appropriate interventions based on temperature reading. Step 5: Reassess client's condition to evaluate effectiveness of interventions. Summary: Option A is correct as it directly addresses the cue of fever by confirming the temperature. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the need to assess the client's temperature for accurate evaluation and intervention.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse should include which of the following in preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for carotid angiography?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You may feel a burning sensation when the dye is injected." This is important preprocedure teaching for carotid angiography because it prepares the patient for a common sensation during the procedure, helping to manage their expectations and reduce anxiety. This information is crucial for informed consent. Choice A is incorrect because carotid angiography is usually done under local anesthesia, not general anesthesia. Choice B is incorrect as carotid angiography typically takes about 1-2 hours, not several hours. Choice D is incorrect because all medical procedures, including carotid angiography, carry potential risks and complications, which should be discussed with the patient.
Question 6 of 9
Mr. Reyes is extremely confused. The nurse provide new information slowly and in small amounts because;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Confusion or delirium can be a defense against further stress. This is because providing new information slowly and in small amounts can help prevent overwhelming Mr. Reyes, who is already confused. This approach allows him to process and understand the information more effectively without adding to his stress levels. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Destruction of brain cells has occurred, interrupting mental activity - This is not the most appropriate explanation as it assumes irreversible damage to the brain, which is not mentioned in the question. C: Teaching based on information progressing from the simple to the complex - While this may be a valid teaching strategy in general, it does not address Mr. Reyes' specific state of confusion and the need to reduce stress. D: A minimum of information should be given, since he is unaware of surrounding - This choice does not address the underlying reason for providing information slowly, which is to manage stress and confusion, rather than solely focusing on the
Question 7 of 9
Nurse Dennis provides health promotion to a group of male adults. He is correct when he states that clients with cirrhosis should include which measure to adhere to a home?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: limit daily alcohol intake. This is crucial for clients with cirrhosis as alcohol can exacerbate liver damage. Limiting alcohol intake helps prevent further harm to the liver and promotes overall health. Supplementation with multivitamins (choice A) can be beneficial, but not as essential as avoiding alcohol. Taking sleeping pills (choice B) may worsen liver function and is not recommended. Limiting contact at all times (choice D) is irrelevant to managing cirrhosis.
Question 8 of 9
A new nurse is completing an assessment on an 80-year-old patient who is alert and oriented. The patient’s daughter is present in the room. Which action by the nurse will require follow-up by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse should primarily communicate with the patient, not just the daughter. The nurse should engage the patient in conversation, address them directly, and ensure their needs and concerns are being addressed. Speaking only to the daughter could neglect the patient's autonomy and lead to potential communication barriers. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they all involve appropriate communication techniques with the patient, such as making eye contact, leaning forward to show attentiveness, and nodding to indicate understanding. These actions demonstrate good communication skills and rapport-building with the patient, which are important in nursing practice.
Question 9 of 9
Nursing measures in hemodynamic monitoring include assessing for localized ischemia owing to inadequate arterial flow. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because assessing for localized ischemia involves evaluating multiple factors. A: Assessing color and temperature helps determine perfusion. B: Checking capillary refill assesses circulation. C: Evaluating pulse rate indicates cardiac output. Doing all of the above provides a comprehensive assessment of arterial flow and potential ischemia. Other choices are incorrect as they do not cover all aspects necessary for a thorough assessment.