ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient presents with chest pain, dyspnea, and signs of hypotension. An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows ST- segment elevation in the inferior leads. Which cardiovascular disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chest pain, dyspnea, hypotension, and ST-segment elevation on an ECG in the inferior leads are classic signs of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). An acute MI occurs when there is a sudden blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to tissue damage. This causes symptoms such as chest pain due to ischemia, dyspnea due to heart failure, and hypotension due to poor cardiac output. The ST-segment elevation seen on the ECG is indicative of significant myocardial injury. Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial in acute MI to prevent further complications and to minimize damage to the heart muscle. It is important to differentiate an acute MI from stable or unstable angina or other cardiovascular disorders, as the management and prognosis vary significantly.
Question 2 of 9
Physiologic jaundice among newborn babies usually occur on, which of the following? It occurs ________.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physiologic jaundice among newborn babies typically occurs between the 2nd and the 3rd day after birth. This type of jaundice is considered normal and harmless and is caused by the breakdown of red blood cells and the immaturity of the newborn baby's liver in processing bilirubin. The bilirubin levels rise in the blood, leading to a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes. This type of jaundice usually peaks around the 3rd to 4th day after birth and then gradually resolves without treatment within the first week of life. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor bilirubin levels and ensure that they do not reach dangerous levels that could potentially harm the newborn.
Question 3 of 9
Because Mr. Steve cannot pay for his medical bills, he is referred to the social worker. which of the following rights is applicable in this case the right to_______.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The right to considerate and respectful care irrespective of socio-economic status is applicable in this case because Mr. Steve is facing financial difficulties in paying for his medical bills. This right ensures that all patients receive proper treatment and care regardless of their ability to pay. It emphasizes that every individual deserves to be treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their financial situation. In Mr. Steve's case, being referred to a social worker due to inability to pay should not impact the quality of care and respect he receives from healthcare providers.
Question 4 of 9
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a patient with a tension pneumothorax?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition where air accumulates in the pleural space and cannot escape, causing increased pressure in the chest cavity. This can lead to compression of the lung and major blood vessels, leading to inadequate oxygenation and circulation.
Question 5 of 9
Ramon died at 10:00 PM. His father cried much and refused to move Ramon 's body. What is the APPROPRIATE approach of the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The appropriate approach of the nurse in this situation would be to talk about the reality of death with the father. It is important to provide appropriate and compassionate communication, acknowledging the father's grief while also gently guiding him towards accepting the reality of the situation. By discussing the reality of death and offering support, the nurse can help the father start the grieving process and eventually come to terms with the loss of his son. It is important to provide emotional support and guidance in a sensitive and respectful manner during such a difficult time.
Question 6 of 9
A postpartum client presents with persistent, severe perineal pain despite analgesic medication. On assessment, the nurse observes ecchymosis and swelling of the perineum. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presence of persistent, severe perineal pain along with ecchymosis and swelling of the perineum can indicate a complication such as a hematoma. A hematoma is a collection of blood that can occur in the perineal area postpartum, usually as a result of trauma during delivery. It is essential to notify the healthcare provider immediately to assess the situation, provide appropriate treatment, and prevent further complications. Applying ice packs or administering additional analgesic medication may not address the underlying issue of a possible hematoma, so prompt medical evaluation is crucial in this situation.
Question 7 of 9
A pregnant woman presents with recurrent episodes of severe abdominal pain, bloating, and constipation. On examination, an abdominal mass is palpable, and bowel sounds are diminished. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ovarian torsion is the most likely cause of the pregnant woman's symptoms as described. Ovarian torsion occurs when the ovary twists on its pedicle, leading to compromised blood flow to the ovary. This can cause severe abdominal pain, bloating, and constipation. On examination, an abdominal mass may be palpable due to an enlarged, twisted ovary. Bowel sounds may be diminished due to the effect of the torsion on surrounding structures. Ectopic pregnancy, threatened abortion, and placenta previa are less likely to present with an abdominal mass and diminished bowel sounds.
Question 8 of 9
A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed a low-phosphorus diet. Which dietary choice indicates understanding of the prescribed diet?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grilled chicken breast is a suitable choice for a low-phosphorus diet because poultry is typically lower in phosphorus compared to dairy products (like cheese), nuts (like almonds), and whole grains (like wheat toast). This option indicates an understanding of the need to restrict phosphorus intake, which is important for individuals with chronic kidney disease to prevent complications.
Question 9 of 9
Nurse Nanie is aware that history taking and physical exam are critical to the diagnostic process and often provide more information than can be gained broad testing strategies. History taking includes the by following, EXCEPT _______
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Religious Affiliation is not typically included in the history taking process for diagnosing medical conditions. While a patient's religious beliefs may sometimes be relevant in certain situations, it is not a standard component of medical history. History taking usually includes aspects such as the history of present illness, social and family history, and past medical history as these can provide important information related to the patient's health condition.