ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS causes alveolar inflammation and damage, leading to stiff lungs and decreased pulmonary compliance, impairing lung expansion. Hypoxemia in ARDS results from V/Q mismatch and shunting, not dead space. Shunting does not directly impair CO2 elimination, and V/Q mismatch does not typically decrease pulmonary arterial pressure.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is the most common comorbidity of a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: COPD (
A) is the most common comorbidity for SSP due to emphysematous bullae and lung tissue damage. Sarcoidosis (
B), lung cancer (
C), and cystic fibrosis (
D) can cause pneumothorax but are less frequent than COPD.
Question 3 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis reports joint pain. Which intervention is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs reduce inflammation and pain in rheumatoid arthritis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which of the following happens physiologically when bronchospasm occurs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bronchospasm in asthma involves inflammation, edema, and excess mucus, leading to airway narrowing and obstruction. Decreased mucus production, reduced inflammation, or thinning mucus do not contribute to bronchospasm.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client for a colonoscopy. Which instruction is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clear liquids the day before ensure the colon is clear for the procedure.